tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-63698518204924773762024-03-13T10:18:46.573-07:00Heavens' Henge: A geocentric worldviewAn engineering exploration of Stonehenge and other monuments; this blog develops the hypothesis that Stonehenge was a Geocentric model of the Neolithic cosmos: A Universe in which the cosmos rotates around our planet.Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.comBlogger40125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-84996299548098504452021-01-16T01:52:00.005-08:002021-02-11T09:37:07.216-08:00A Neolithic Universe<p>The project has now been published in book form (<a href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/Neolithic-Universe-Jonathan-Morris/dp/0956861733" target="_blank">book link to Amazon here</a>). This is an expanded version of the 2013 book.<br /></p><div style="text-align: justify;">
The book has been reviewed here <a href="https://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=2146414582" target="_blank">Megalithic Portal review</a>.<br />
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<br />The book's twitter feed is: <a href="https://twitter.com/aneolithicuni" target="_blank">aneolithicuni</a>
<br />Technical tweet feed is at <a href="https://twitter.com/aneolithicuniv" target="_blank">aneolithicuniv</a> (may become locked)
<br />A website for additional photographs and imagery is at: <a href="http://www.aneolithicuniverse.co.uk/" target="_blank">http://www.aneolithicuniverse.co.uk/</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /><br /><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQa4iPe6ONJ-00iyCpqZDoxBnNPhNRpT8ZoYMuKuxEp6wSMCQJSrD-bQEFjWxcq5xwbUS9VqqlpUyDhAMt1f8DHCw6HlqhKyYAMCdrCd3xPsAZNOQy7P51Hy7tXB9_s6HxudDWb97rRt0/s709/Untitled.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="709" data-original-width="609" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQa4iPe6ONJ-00iyCpqZDoxBnNPhNRpT8ZoYMuKuxEp6wSMCQJSrD-bQEFjWxcq5xwbUS9VqqlpUyDhAMt1f8DHCw6HlqhKyYAMCdrCd3xPsAZNOQy7P51Hy7tXB9_s6HxudDWb97rRt0/w344-h400/Untitled.png" width="344" /></a></div><br />
Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-59245682699308216412018-10-30T05:22:00.000-07:002018-10-30T05:35:05.799-07:00The Geocentic Hypothesis: A summary<div style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;">
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The ‘Geocentric Hypothesis’ was originally developed from the idea that Stonehenge’s layout may represent Neolithic ideas about our world and cosmos. </div>
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Older monuments also have features which appear to be the remnants of experiments undertaken to find out how the world and cosmos work. The hypothesis includes various sub-hypotheses regarding these monuments. The overriding theme of the ‘Geocentric Hypothesis’ is that some monuments, especially those with more intricate designs, are associated with a desire to find out what our world is. </div>
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Below is a list of monuments for which possible interpretations have been developed:</div>
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<b>Newgrange: </b></h4>
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Newgrange’s layout, arrangements and symbols are the same as those required to establish that the sun has a fixed spiral ‘orbit’. This would be necessary if people became concerned that climate change might occur if the sun’s ‘orbit’ moved further south. Its inner stone monument is demonstrated to be capable of accurate measurement of the sun’s position at Winter Solstice. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmYHaH4UQZzqtXSyhttH9yoiiCPccS5R1VEBmyzOaklfGtj_rXsw4hB4Sp0snpdQHli_sIYwgkhGh6p2htVyeANwM9VKv78MTs3BuJvrDsRrKVNtFKFLq9ngjlumXyU6HofPr3-q62Vxw/s1600/IMG_6183.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="361" data-original-width="1201" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmYHaH4UQZzqtXSyhttH9yoiiCPccS5R1VEBmyzOaklfGtj_rXsw4hB4Sp0snpdQHli_sIYwgkhGh6p2htVyeANwM9VKv78MTs3BuJvrDsRrKVNtFKFLq9ngjlumXyU6HofPr3-q62Vxw/s400/IMG_6183.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<i>More detail, together with a pdf explaining the features in more detail, can be found <a href="https://heavenshenge.blogspot.com/2014/09/newgrange.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">in this (2014) blog post</span></a>. </i></div>
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<b>Avebury </b></h4>
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Avebury's layout appears to describe an early hypothesis that the Cosmos circled around the Earth (a ‘Geocentric’ view). This layout is similar to the later Stonehenge monument but, if it was used to develop geocentric ideas, focuses on a concern that climate change might occur if the sun’s ‘orbit’ moved further south: The layout appears to describe the sun’s position and movement at Winter Solstice. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1N2nfwwpqUtOfABu-R6ep2LfgFCn_s_Inom7RPNxUlp8v5UqJmBGt-ASoBTAwxUBmrmCo4477lP6nd0yeJNt5nHbFwyPjfnHfCNRfzZeYL_s3QvYO9OgkH98JK3Lg8TYzsjhJIgRnjQs/s1600/IMG_5989A.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="315" data-original-width="800" height="157" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1N2nfwwpqUtOfABu-R6ep2LfgFCn_s_Inom7RPNxUlp8v5UqJmBGt-ASoBTAwxUBmrmCo4477lP6nd0yeJNt5nHbFwyPjfnHfCNRfzZeYL_s3QvYO9OgkH98JK3Lg8TYzsjhJIgRnjQs/s400/IMG_5989A.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<i>More detail can be found <a href="https://heavenshenge.blogspot.com/2011/12/of-hyperion-we-are-told.html"><span style="color: blue;">in this (2011) blog post</span></a>. </i></div>
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<b>Preseli</b></h4>
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Monuments in Preseli appear to be arranged to establish that the Earth is round (hypothesis 1). If Stonehenge’s bluestones were used at Preseli, they could be arranged to form a structure that could measure the size of the world (hypothesis 2).</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIYP-UbMB8x6Y2rvMw4QKzLBMkiSFB-3UiDcJzKRNrZiPO3jCIy9eA-jEvd6Ts_5PbIHynydOxTzE7VLRByddItermxCsFXWJ-zjSTEF8jQH1gxezv7Sji0cvSJWby3THAxWiTqg1LIHM/s1600/IMG_2261a.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="346" data-original-width="800" height="172" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIYP-UbMB8x6Y2rvMw4QKzLBMkiSFB-3UiDcJzKRNrZiPO3jCIy9eA-jEvd6Ts_5PbIHynydOxTzE7VLRByddItermxCsFXWJ-zjSTEF8jQH1gxezv7Sji0cvSJWby3THAxWiTqg1LIHM/s400/IMG_2261a.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<i>More detail on both hypotheses can be found <a href="https://heavenshenge.blogspot.com/2018/10/prediction-preseli-hypothesis.html"><span style="color: blue;">in this (2018) blog post</span></a>.</i></div>
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<b>South Downs</b></h4>
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Monuments along the South Downs appear to be arranged to establish the size of the world and to allow that to be described.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiH8qnxh5foIROSivYhwbbvkAx07EHnow-p9bED6glt7Lscq4hH1IJnfhMXqsqEO6l0M4SFfbJ9amUephPuaF3B6z0HIo0Lrf0nRrxmG-acZXCiLWJOoKLoJdAsJgKo8voBeUspEwQR3A/s1600/IMG_8277.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="240" data-original-width="800" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiH8qnxh5foIROSivYhwbbvkAx07EHnow-p9bED6glt7Lscq4hH1IJnfhMXqsqEO6l0M4SFfbJ9amUephPuaF3B6z0HIo0Lrf0nRrxmG-acZXCiLWJOoKLoJdAsJgKo8voBeUspEwQR3A/s400/IMG_8277.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<i>The amount of information (on this set of monuments) within the blog is limited. However, the detail of each monument and possible purpose is expanded upon in the book "Stonehenge: Solving the Neolithic Universe".</i></div>
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<b>Stonehenge (Part 1)</b></h4>
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The grounds of Stonehenge and its external layout appears to describe a more developed theory that the Cosmos
circled around the Earth (a ‘Geocentric’ view). This layout concentrates on showing the Earth at the centre of a spherical cosmos with defined locations for each of the solstices. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSdCYblio7yIy-6OvGKOEc7HnCzGHtJKJ4cCGlMwEVLmoekSFqa6AGHSPkKaWzABeDyfjnAPnbt4vYG2RjR1X2ozmjaDRgB9_PpeJf_2xOhgKYC8JmUaU6K2wpeB4ti15-9ZGK9oOPYZ4/s1600/IMG_3276A.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="289" data-original-width="800" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSdCYblio7yIy-6OvGKOEc7HnCzGHtJKJ4cCGlMwEVLmoekSFqa6AGHSPkKaWzABeDyfjnAPnbt4vYG2RjR1X2ozmjaDRgB9_PpeJf_2xOhgKYC8JmUaU6K2wpeB4ti15-9ZGK9oOPYZ4/s400/IMG_3276A.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<i>More detail on this hypothesis can be found <a href="https://heavenshenge.blogspot.com/2011/12/of-hyperion-we-are-told.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">in this (2011) blog pos</span></a>t. An expanded description can be found <a href="https://www.slideshare.net/heavenshenge/stonehenge-part-1" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">in this slideshare pdf</span></a>.</i></div>
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<b>Stonehenge (Part 2)</b></h4>
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Stonehenge’s internal layout appears to be arranged as a demonstration of how the sun rotates around the earth (a geocentric model). This structure would be capable of duplicating the Earth at the centre of a spherical cosmos:</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV6d8NpcBxP64q5ksHP3K8dBtu2WHEJelfOudiwhx8DxACsFrGZo7w0FZqVmEMpHthAj9mNn98hjzZo_DTVfGchoSp86v1i1FhyphenhyphenDbOnkjvkvNK55UcNGgyQ-SHp_4YFf0Y6b1ZVbdeamo/s1600/view02aa-reduced.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="244" data-original-width="506" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV6d8NpcBxP64q5ksHP3K8dBtu2WHEJelfOudiwhx8DxACsFrGZo7w0FZqVmEMpHthAj9mNn98hjzZo_DTVfGchoSp86v1i1FhyphenhyphenDbOnkjvkvNK55UcNGgyQ-SHp_4YFf0Y6b1ZVbdeamo/s400/view02aa-reduced.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<i>This operation of this demonstrator can be difficult to understand. To prove that Stonehenge’s structure would have been capable of doing this, a utility patent application was made in 2010. More information on this patent (granted 2018) can be found <a href="https://heavenshenge.blogspot.com/2018/04/a-new-novel-and-workable-hypothesis-for.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">in this blog post</span></a>. The detail of how this works is also expanded upon in much more detail in the book "Stonehenge: Solving the Neolithic Universe".</i></div>
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<b>Others</b></h4>
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There are a number of other monuments which have features that would have been required to establish that the Cosmos is geocentric (though this is not actually true). These are yet to be written up. </div>
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-51884613870630405722018-10-23T03:32:00.000-07:002018-10-23T03:39:05.188-07:00Prediction & Preseli: A hypothesis<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This post runs through the hypothesis that the Preseli Hills</span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> may have been used to find out the size of our world</span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">.<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Introduction</span></span></span> </span></span></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The shaped bluestones of Stonehenge can be assembled to create a system that can measure the size of the world. </span></span>This hypothesis looks at the evidence that this may have happened in Preseli and that those stones were then transported to Stonehenge to commemorate that achievement. The hypothesis is separate from the main 'geocentric' hypothesis of this blog (that Stonehenge is a simple model of the Earth and its Cosmos).</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The idea starts with two hills; Feddau and Eryr (as seen from Waun Mawn below):</span></span><br />
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<a name='more'></a><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">These two hills can be seen to poke above the horizon when seen from the other:</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5Mcmz-Qy2vx7GkYpVe1UgI8Ws9J9htqh9wsgUwagkq-DdRji279mV1vp9T-1srTCTGLd9i9UMxYvB6v9X4jHJPAJxZG5niikS4uXUVhifD9GPcHG85vD1gF3WWTj92mBS5I1IaUagBKo/s1600/wauneryrfeddau.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="326" data-original-width="813" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5Mcmz-Qy2vx7GkYpVe1UgI8Ws9J9htqh9wsgUwagkq-DdRji279mV1vp9T-1srTCTGLd9i9UMxYvB6v9X4jHJPAJxZG5niikS4uXUVhifD9GPcHG85vD1gF3WWTj92mBS5I1IaUagBKo/s400/wauneryrfeddau.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This happens because those two hills happen to be the same height and both have unobstructed views for great distances. This means that higher mountains to the east do not raise the horizon due to the curvature of the Earth. This topographical combination is very unusual. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The monument building at Preseli may have started with someone noticing that each hill is above the other when seen from the opposing hill: The two hills are linked by an easy walk along the ridge of this range.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Measuring the world's size using Stonehenge's bluestones: </span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Context & Detail:</span></span></span></h3>
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<h3>
</h3>
<h3>
</h3>
<h3>
</h3>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Predictions:</span></span></span> </span></span></h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The
shaped bluestones of Stonehenge can be assembled into a device that can establish what the size of the world is.
That system would only work at a handful of locations. One of those locations is at Preseli;
near Waun Mawn.</span></span></div>
<br />
<h4>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>1) Waun Mawn:</b> </span></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Two
or more outliers may exist at this location. Professor Mike Parker Pearson has found an
arc at Waun Mawn; Waun Mawn directly faces Feddau and Eryr. If the intention of this arc was to show how the
world's size can be found out, two or more outliers may exist to the east and
west of the arc.</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The outliers allow a guide to explain how the Earth's size will be found.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A similar set of ancient outlier earthworks exists near a similar ancient arc next to another British location (South Downs) that has a similar set of ancient earthworks also arranged in a manner that would allow the Earth's size top be measured. This prediction is based on the idea that the logic of Waun Mawn may have been copied elsewhere:</span></span></div>
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<h4>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>2: Foel Eryr:</b></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Just
below and North of Eryr, there is the remains of what appears to be a
stone row to (on a plateau known as Cerrig Llandron). The line of that
row continues towards Foel </span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Fach. Roughly half way
between Fach and Eryr a second more substantial set of stone-holes might
be found (the reasoning and location are in more detail below). There are unlikely to be a large number of stone holes because the initial process (of finding out the world's size using the Llandron ridge) is more easily done using temporary flags and signals. A placement of a line of stones would only be there as a guide:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<h4>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">3: Foel Feddau or Cwmcerwyn:</span></span></b></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Unusual
'dogleg' monument footprint (Feddau) or circular monument (Cwncerwyn).
This would be a “Proto Stonehenge”. <i>There are two other potential
locations (eg Eryr), so ground scanning would be needed in advance.</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">There are four possible locations for this equipment: Feddau, Eryr, Cwmcerwyn and one other that is less obvious (and much less likely). Each location has different topography and this would slightly change the design layout of any stones placed to do the job.</span><br />
<br /></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDilG6VnOJO48gZnsHriUePiann2puAMGZffo0RlNUS2ULYIMeEGIMbHVaBvT-hCA6iLRrrh458wXbbjUAZ_W6J3stPUUvHiwInnI4nF6r3ldDQIfYeI5WR3dKUpzPuaV-Iz2-FyYJcPU/s1600/53409-51.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="565" data-original-width="800" height="282" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDilG6VnOJO48gZnsHriUePiann2puAMGZffo0RlNUS2ULYIMeEGIMbHVaBvT-hCA6iLRrrh458wXbbjUAZ_W6J3stPUUvHiwInnI4nF6r3ldDQIfYeI5WR3dKUpzPuaV-Iz2-FyYJcPU/s400/53409-51.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<h4>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>4: Foel Feddau:</b></span></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The existing monument at this location may have unusual below-ground features in the immediate vicinity. The reasoning for this is probably a bit too convoluted to be worth going into on the blog:</span></span></div>
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin-IMlB8OU_wbfXzfnGbL2Py6cATXuLv6F_se68IF-zmT7LDzrS7w2BX_2ro9UF3TGUj0-Lhz1BWvMULPR2Cir9LULC15o0hYBsZLEpP_4w7J2yYPjDS3bfguvHqymAU0dUBZYM8VOuAI/s1600/feddau.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="389" data-original-width="800" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin-IMlB8OU_wbfXzfnGbL2Py6cATXuLv6F_se68IF-zmT7LDzrS7w2BX_2ro9UF3TGUj0-Lhz1BWvMULPR2Cir9LULC15o0hYBsZLEpP_4w7J2yYPjDS3bfguvHqymAU0dUBZYM8VOuAI/s400/feddau.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<h4>
</h4>
<h4>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">5: Carn Ingli to Carreg Coetan:</span></span></b></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">If
the same method was used as appears to exist at the South Downs, then a series of smaller markers, perhaps stones, may
exist leading up to Carningli showing the best route. The known Neolithic monuments in the immediate area exist along this line; the prediction is that there would be more:</span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQbyTaMACJeQ7ID07Cce6Fb2wcw66HGwfLpj40YQ4Y_JCSpG4UB5TeG9LR1b5VHWTF4cQ8KRjICoa43WdBJSCuAR3JVFYQ4-wDNUp-aGwLuFCfvfmuGFqVp5ZT4aF_oocWs8bF_d0iPJ4/s1600/carregcoetan.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="392" data-original-width="799" height="195" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQbyTaMACJeQ7ID07Cce6Fb2wcw66HGwfLpj40YQ4Y_JCSpG4UB5TeG9LR1b5VHWTF4cQ8KRjICoa43WdBJSCuAR3JVFYQ4-wDNUp-aGwLuFCfvfmuGFqVp5ZT4aF_oocWs8bF_d0iPJ4/s400/carregcoetan.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB3Mcj8hyphenhyphenqW0mtIdIpeVozLeCAVIahi8g-ovw3xfPAyv49TT8BZiOSLmKOxnOFFsrX3ANva6LMeVV60GdURtds-_MkkqXtlkJAm6qjOp6ijHJi52LDHYbR6ji4FiULI7QnfV1A1nEoJXc/s1600/inglifromeryr.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="282" data-original-width="800" height="140" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB3Mcj8hyphenhyphenqW0mtIdIpeVozLeCAVIahi8g-ovw3xfPAyv49TT8BZiOSLmKOxnOFFsrX3ANva6LMeVV60GdURtds-_MkkqXtlkJAm6qjOp6ijHJi52LDHYbR6ji4FiULI7QnfV1A1nEoJXc/s400/inglifromeryr.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-47715891928836701412018-04-11T02:50:00.000-07:002018-10-23T07:20:56.448-07:00A new, novel and workable hypothesis for Stonehenge: Patent granted<div class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;">
</div>
<div class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">A
patent has formally been granted as of today by the British Patent
office. This is equivalent to a Utility grade patent in the USA. When
used in this way, the system demonstrates an early (geocentric)
understanding of how the Cosmos works.</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
link below is to the Patents Journal of 11 April 2018 and “GB2486636:
Spherical solar collection system” is on the first page: <a href="http://www.ipo.gov.uk/p-pj-stitch.pdf?sections=3&jnl=6725" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">http://www.ipo.gov.uk/p-pj-stitch.pdf?sections=3&jnl=6725</span></span></span></a> </span></span></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_9dK7Pi2s5UW6aHejwHRRVnzQdDGqnNtAvMeaV24OWYPyR9WiiI-73xCl39rH49YXv7pn81rpLB4Zvwprn3MMuybHGn_f46SvlQm00Fb9yKmG4cmzt-aWq_DTySA1tHWU_byOEZhgWmI/s1600/patents-journal.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="975" data-original-width="956" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_9dK7Pi2s5UW6aHejwHRRVnzQdDGqnNtAvMeaV24OWYPyR9WiiI-73xCl39rH49YXv7pn81rpLB4Zvwprn3MMuybHGn_f46SvlQm00Fb9yKmG4cmzt-aWq_DTySA1tHWU_byOEZhgWmI/s320/patents-journal.jpg" width="313" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
text of the patent can be downloaded from the Patent Office: </span></span></span><a href="http://www.ipo.gov.uk/types/patent/p-os/p-find/p-find-publication-getPDF.pdf?PatentNo=GB2486636&DocType=A&JournalNumber=6423" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">http://www.ipo.gov.uk/types/patent/p-os/p-find/p-find-publication-getPDF.pdf?PatentNo=GB2486636&DocType=A&JournalNumber=6423</span></span></span></a></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">This idea can now be referred to as a form of peer reviewed document
(because it has been examined as new, novel and work-able by the
reviewers at the Patents Office). A lot more detail on how the system would have worked at Stonehenge can be found in
“<a href="http://stone-hinge.blogspot.co.uk/2013/01/book.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">Stonehenge: Solving the Neolithic Universe</span></a>”.</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
next stage seems to be head towards developing the predictions of the
geocentric hypothesis. There are a number of predictions falling out
of it (most are recorded in this blog), but the majority of these are minor and result
in well-known Neolithic structures. As a result, it could be argued
that interpretation of the evidence has been chosen to fit the
hypothesis. </span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">However,
there are two major predictions of the hypothesis and these would
result in unusual Neolithic remains (of structures) being found at
very specific locations. Those two major predictions were referred to
within the 2012 novel (<a href="http://thebrokenstone.blogspot.co.uk/2013/05/where-to-buy.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">the Broken Stone and the Secret of the Heavens' Henge</span></a>). Neither location set has been, or is currently
being, investigated to any degree so the remains, if they exist, are
not known to exist. If interest develops in the geocentric
hypothesis, these two prediction locations may be useful because they
might provide the means to test the hypothesis by excavation and
observation (giving falsifiability and testability to the
hypothesis).</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
remaining technical aspects (not currently in “Stonehenge: Solving
the Neolithic Universe”) are going to be developed first to see if
enough academic interest develops to look at the tests of predictions which might be needed.</span></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-25232385019260050972016-12-20T13:11:00.000-08:002019-09-26T02:22:01.116-07:00Christmas: An older secular narrative?<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b> </b><br />
<b>The Principle
</b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Principle" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">The Principle</span></a> is a 2014 American
documentary film produced by Rick Delano and Robert Sungenis
questioning the Copernican principle and discussing geocentricism.
The film opened in Chicago on October 24, 2014. The film is narrated
by Kate Mulgrew and features scientists such as Lawrence M. Krauss,
Max Tegmark, Michio Kaku, George Ellis and Julian Barbour.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b>Stonehenge</b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
The Principle uses some of the <i>external</i>
geocentric features of Stonehenge to show how the ancients may have
viewed our place in the world. Later parts of the film compare modern day explanations against a perhaps biblical hypothesis that
the Universe is geocentric.<br />
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>The other, much more detailed, geocentric features at
Stonehenge could point to a secular-rational prehistory rather than
the type of religious paganism that is often assumed.</i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
The research described in this blog (see <a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2011/12/of-hyperion-we-are-told.html" target="_blank">this post of 2011</a>) was the basis for this
film segment:<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/V0-6r-6BsRk" width="608"></iframe>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #38761d;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="color: #38761d;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br />
<b>Before the Druids</b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
However, the film segment was short and could only focus on the layout of Stonehenge. The internal
features of this monument are even more unusual, detailed and unique: They also happen to be identical to the design features that would be required to create a demonstration of rational geocentric beliefs.<br />
<br />
A system with features identical to
those found at Stonehenge can create a visual demonstration of the nature of the rotation of the Universe. Using only materials available at that
time, this type of structure has been shown (see references below) to be ideal to create a bright miniature version of the Sun which rotates around, and
rises on, the bar of a cross:<br />
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/r1zGFDD3T2k" width="608"></iframe>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
The reconstruction of Stonehenge (that
was built to test the ideas and is discussed in detail in the booklet below) shows that all
of Stonehenge's sub-structure features are the same as would be needed for this
purpose. The explanation for this can be found in this blog, in papers on the Megalithic Portal and also in a booklet, which was subsequently expanded to reference all of the relevant archaeological findings:
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://www.amazon.com/Stonehenge-Solving-Neolithic-Universe-Expanded-ebook/dp/B00G4CWIIK" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">Kindle booklet version click here</span></a>
<br />
<span style="color: #93c47d;">(<span style="color: #cc0000;">Free download courtesy of Amazon from December 21 to Christmas Day 2016</span>)</span></div>
<br />
<b> </b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b>An early secular-rational
society</b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
The mechanism that may have been used at Stonehenge has a cross representing the polar axis of the apparent
Universe (a cross set within a circle). This arrangement carries with it a "parent and child"
type of imagery due to the creation of the small rising mini-sun which mimics the Sun's movement. The
small "child sun" would rise on the cross to meet the Sun by rotating around the main axis of the cross (which must point to the North Star to mimic the apparent axis of the Sun's rotation about the Earth). <br />
<br />
This arrangement can also be brought to life again the next day, or
at another time of year, as required:<br />
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tAwFMXzwIS4" width="608"></iframe>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br />
Winter solstice represents the birth of a new year for those that live in the Northern Hemisphere. The most recent archaeological discoveries at
Stonehenge suggests that the winter solstice was the main feasting celebration
of that era. At
Stonehenge, the technical details found in the monument also suggest
that a second set of celebrations, some form of second rising of the 'child-sun', may
have occurred at Easter and possibly mid-summer.<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
In a simplified version of our world,
anything can be pulled down but very little has the power to go up. That simplified view puts the Earth at the lowest part of
the Universe (the bottom or 'sinkhole' of everything rather than the centre
as we understand it). This logical rationale could also be used to
suggest the idea of heaven and hell.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b>The remnants of a secular-rational
society</b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Other than the notes left behind by
Caesar, there is scant recorded information about the Druids. The culture was said by the European Druids
to have originated in Britain and to have spread across large swathes of
Northern Europe. Though some folklore exists, there are no records of the earlier culture
that built Stonehenge. Stonehenge defines the point at which monument building more or less stopped. </div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Secular-rational
geocentric beliefs, of which there seem to be remnants at Stonehenge, appear to duplicate some symbols: A society generating that type of a philosophy (of geocentrism) would have a cross as
the main symbol. It also would create a 'child and parent' symbology. The shining 'child' would have risen on a cross towards the heavens.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Many of the monuments built prior to Stonehenge appear to show that a large scale effort was made to understand for the nature of the world. An
example of this is Newgrange in Ireland, <span style="color: blue;">[</span><span style="color: #ff3333;"><span style="color: blue;"><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/heavenshenge/newgrange-the-sentinel" target="_blank">documentation here</a>]</span></span><span style="color: black;">, where that monument has features that would be required to detect changes in the Sun's solstice movement. The reasoning for this appears
to be related to a concern for survival in the event of a change of climate.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"> </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><b>A summary </b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;">Stonehenge's purpose, as hypothesised here, appears to have been to summarise all of the findings from earlier
investigations</span>. After the investigations stopped, all monument building ceased
and, for reasons that are not known, the civilisation seems to have then disappeared.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
One possible explanation for the lack
of knowledge about beliefs in Northern Europe prior to Christianity is that all the earlier rational symbols may have been incorporated
into later religious themes: Perhaps
the remains of an ancient secular belief system has always been with us, but hiding in plain sight?<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #666666;"><b>Sample reviews of the geocentric works:</b></span> </div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #444444;"><i>‘‘I
do agree with you that the basic structure of Stonehenge is essentially
a working model of their cosmos/perceived Universe....’’</i> Professor Tim Darvill OBE</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"> </span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #444444;"><i>‘‘Overall I found this publication highly readable, being both informative and slightly controversial.’’...‘‘The one thing that makes this book a winner is the fact that it’s central theory is not a house of cards.’’...‘‘Highly recommended to anyone with an interest in Stonehenge.’’</i> The Megalithic Portal. 2012 </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #444444;"><i>‘‘Unlike many books of this type, Morris shows how the
Neolithic people could have studied the heavens using common sense and
appropriate technology. He allows our ancestors to have the ability to work
things out for themselves. It remains to be
seen whether Stonehenge was a device for educating Neolithic people in astronomy
but it certainly taught me a thing or two.</i><i>’’
</i> Northern Earth</span></div>
Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-22948710599140003892016-02-12T06:25:00.001-08:002018-10-23T07:22:21.131-07:00Can geodesy and its links to ancient monuments be used in teaching? <div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Our
earliest society believed that their Universe consisted of a sphere
in which the Earth was at the centre (known as a geocentric or
Ptolemaic worldview).
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
The
"Solving the Neolithic" project is based on the idea that
some Neolithic structures may be the result of the way our ancestors
came to the above conclusion: Several dozen monuments have the appearance of being the remains of structures built to answer philosophical questions
about the nature of the world. A few of these methods require some
lateral thinking.</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizBLQDL1lZi6lJ7yM0hPAHo6AWOo6EcaL22l_CwciE0Iaz94wQRo2XUrg1NONsG1SO7IiXLuz88zTlWFd7BqLOMbN6R8jYrFOzaCa-ZNN3_9QgwwgwOrbuVkXWkavEkZpqHtcphnZkJ8k/s1600/25001-small.jpg"><img align="BOTTOM" border="0" height="246" name="graphics3" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizBLQDL1lZi6lJ7yM0hPAHo6AWOo6EcaL22l_CwciE0Iaz94wQRo2XUrg1NONsG1SO7IiXLuz88zTlWFd7BqLOMbN6R8jYrFOzaCa-ZNN3_9QgwwgwOrbuVkXWkavEkZpqHtcphnZkJ8k/s400/25001-small.jpg" width="400" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizBLQDL1lZi6lJ7yM0hPAHo6AWOo6EcaL22l_CwciE0Iaz94wQRo2XUrg1NONsG1SO7IiXLuz88zTlWFd7BqLOMbN6R8jYrFOzaCa-ZNN3_9QgwwgwOrbuVkXWkavEkZpqHtcphnZkJ8k/s1600/25001-small.jpg"> </a></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
A sample
of remains which might result from some of these logical thought
processes can be found at Avebury, Newgrange, Knowth and each of the
three main phases of Stonehenge.</div>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
The post
below is about whether or not this type of logic-driven discovery
process has any value as a teaching aid in the modern era. It came
about through a discussion in the Pre-historic society's area of
facebook. If you have any comments about how this might be used in
teaching, please feel free to comment on this page or on <a href="http://www.facebook.com/StonehengeSolvingTheNeolithicUniverse/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">the
facebook site</span></a>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
______________________________________________________
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Some of
the ideas on how this might be applied have already been <a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/01/resources-page-experiments-for-shools.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">written
up for try-out in schools</span></a>. The methods that appear to me
to have the highest likelihood of having some use in education are:</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>1) A
method to find out if the stars rotates around our planet</b></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
This arrangement is partially written up and can be reproduced at a
location known as The Long Man in East Sussex. There is some debate
about whether or not the Long Man itself is any more than a few
hundred years old. However, it is known that the relevant slope was
cleared during the Neolithic.</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2011/12/make-your-own-heavens-hinge-part-1.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">A
detailed explanation of how to confirm that stars appear to rotate
around us can be found here</span></a></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>2) A
layout description of the general cosmos (stars) </b></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
This idea is a method of describing our cosmos from the point of view
of an observer standing on what she believes to be a fixed world. It
applies to a few locations (Ring of Brodgar for example). In this
instance, the method of describing that cosmos is written up for
Phase II of the monument known as Stonehenge.</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/02/before-sun-part-4.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">A
detailed explanation of how to describe the latitudes of the heavens using 2-D drawing
methods can be found here</span></a> (note: It is worth looking at
part 10 first)
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>3) A
layout description of how to work out if the Sun's movement is fixed
from year to year</b></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
Once the cosmos is established (2 above), the layout can be drawn
geocentrically to show how the sun moves and its furthest extent at
solstice. Once drawn out, this layout is the same as a place called
Avebury (for winter solstice). It's worth looking at Stonehenge below
(item 10) before reading this one.</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2011/12/there-lies-in-ocean-island.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">A
preliminary blog write up on this set of ideas can be found here </span></a>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>4) A
construction method to determining whether the Sun has fixed ranges</b></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
This method requires some lateral thinking, but results in structures
that appear to be duplicated at many sites. The one with the highest
degree of confirmatory details, together with engravings representing
the ideas, is Newgrange.
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://www.slideshare.net/heavenshenge/newgrange-the-sentinel" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">A
discussion paper on this set of ideas can be found here </span></a>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>5) A
method to find out whether or not the Earth is curved or a flat disk </b></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
This combination of circumstances is unusual because it requires some
very specific conditions to exist naturally. At Preseli, it is possible to conclude that our world is not
flat by walking from one tall hill to another. These conditions happen
to exist just above the spot that the quarry for
Stonehenge's bluestones is thought to be located: Neolithic mounds
are located at the precise location of each of the two natural
features.<br />
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2015/05/a-view-from-satellite.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">A
preliminary blog write up on this set of ideas can be found here </span></a>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>6) A
construction method to find out whether or not the Earth is a
(curved) sphere or a curved disk</b></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
This method requires a series of observations at unusual topographic
locations. Each of these locations has a monument, of the specialised
form required, and placed at exactly the correct topographical spot.
This series of Neolithic monuments exists along the South Coast of
England.
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>As yet
it is not written up for the internet, but a very short explanation
can be found in the book.</i></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>7) A
layout description of a method to determine how to find out the size
of the Earth</b></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="Al-Biruni1"></a>
This method is a variant on the one used by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_geodesy#Al-Biruni" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">Al-Biruni</span></a>
in the 16th century. Unlike Al-buruni's method, it does not require
any special equipment. Al-Biruni's method is different from the one
thought to have first been developed by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_geodesy" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">Eratosthenes</span></a>. This layout,
needed for the modified Biruni method, is the same as found at a Neolithic monument along the
South Coast of England.
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>As yet
it is not written up for the internet, but a very short explanation
can be found in the book.</i></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>8) A
construction method to determine the size of the Earth</b></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
The method described in 6&7 above requires a specialised monument
at a specific topographical location. The best example of this type
of arrangement exists as a Neolithic monument on the adjacent hill to
the one described in 7 above.
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>As yet
it is not written up for the internet, but a detailed explanation, together with the results of tests to reproduce the method,
can be found in the book.</i></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>9)
Ancillary construction methods required to determine the size of the
Earth</b></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
These arrangements exist as a series of Neolithic monuments adjacent
to the hill described in 8) above.</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>As yet
it is not written up for the internet, but a very short explanation
can be found in the book.</i></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>10) A
layout description (geocentric) of the results of some of the above
[of two parts]</b></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
This arrangement is a general description of a known cosmos after all
the experiments (and some others) referred to above have been done. This layout exists at Stonehenge in its third and last
phase (but nowhere else).
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/01/to-draw-universe.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">The
first part of this method can be found here </span></a>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/02/number-of-sun-part-3.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">The
second part of this method can be found here </span></a>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>11) A
construction method to physically demonstrate the results of all of
the above</b>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm;">
This arrangement recreates a physical demonstration of knowledge
about a geocentric system. The result of this is spectacular. The
basis of this system was published as a patent in the 1970's and
similar systems are in use in India today. An alternative version of
this type of system appears to be duplicated at Stonehenge.
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>A
description of this system can be found in the book. It would require
significant effort to duplicate it for teaching purposes, so has not
been linked to at this stage. </i>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
______________________________________________________</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
I've cut
the above list down, but there are more than a dozen arrangements, for other similar purposes related to geodesy, which appear to be duplicated in
Neolithic monuments. A much shortened version of the above list, in a format already
prepared for schools, <a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/01/resources-page-experiments-for-shools.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">can
be found here</span></a>.<br />
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
The
sequence that the project is based upon starts with a single
observation at a geographical location which has a very unusual set of
characteristics. This set of characteristics only appears to exist in Scotland, and only at one place.
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYE8NZbjKnCbLzsgUGTopEfw3IsifpdpqVe1FJ2XBQ9uVopfvBUZpP4V_noxGR4Yf9yYf0Qb8RF2PTycdPtKmm8X4hMSteVgwEDZ6wn1DX228jMnbqtYu7ADLslWHulhh9lzapZWJPrMk/s1600/sh-seq1a.jpg"><img align="BOTTOM" border="0" height="320" name="graphics4" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYE8NZbjKnCbLzsgUGTopEfw3IsifpdpqVe1FJ2XBQ9uVopfvBUZpP4V_noxGR4Yf9yYf0Qb8RF2PTycdPtKmm8X4hMSteVgwEDZ6wn1DX228jMnbqtYu7ADLslWHulhh9lzapZWJPrMk/s400/sh-seq1a.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>If you
have any comments about how any of the above might be used in
teaching, or which ones would be best prepared in more detail, please
feel free to comment on <a href="http://www.facebook.com/StonehengeSolvingTheNeolithicUniverse/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">the
facebook page</span></a> or on this site.<span style="color: #38761d;"> </span></i><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="color: #38761d;">We would be especially grateful for sharing on social media to anyone who might be interested.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-54126043542067985412014-10-23T02:26:00.001-07:002014-10-25T01:22:31.545-07:00Sky Stands Still: Stonehenge<br />
Theme tune "Sky Stands Still" incorporates ideas of Heavens' Henge (Stonehenge). This was produced for the film "The Principle", for which I had a small consulting role <br />
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="288" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/ikOaq4BhCaI?feature=player_detailpage" width="576"></iframe>
Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-60766909417280431222014-09-27T08:48:00.001-07:002018-10-23T07:23:15.269-07:00Newgrange <div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Newgrange’s layout, arrangements and symbols are shown to be the same as those required to establish that the sun has a fixed spiral ‘orbit’, allowing an idealised geocentric description of the Universe to be developed elsewhere (such as at Avebury and Stonehenge). Its inner stone monument is demonstrated to be capable of focusing solar light, using a simple method not relying on glass, to allow extremely accurate measurement. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Download pdf paper <a href="http://www.envisager.com/handow/downloads/bnx101-04-newgrange.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">here: (bnx101-04-newgrange.pdf)</span></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEYF30TGdoiPFBqIxFBmkFxiUK4uYWOwjtJcLNBTZ9KyGaPVZ2ui9ROLQzFznMF22HfOo6c3gOI3RjdxZVnRw98VmK2sX-iwAV4G_UAm_phH33hLiOJv-BPNfuQ-3EGCI5vhyphenhyphenwx8cPJDA/s1600/IMG_6183.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEYF30TGdoiPFBqIxFBmkFxiUK4uYWOwjtJcLNBTZ9KyGaPVZ2ui9ROLQzFznMF22HfOo6c3gOI3RjdxZVnRw98VmK2sX-iwAV4G_UAm_phH33hLiOJv-BPNfuQ-3EGCI5vhyphenhyphenwx8cPJDA/s1600/IMG_6183.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The contention of this paper is that Newgrange was a device, part of a series of devices, that allowed subsequent structures (such as Stonehenge) to be developed as a depository of knowledge about the Universe and a place of learning designed for popular interest.<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
.
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="511" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" scrolling="no" src="//www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/39636598" style="border-width: 1px; border: 1px solid #CCC; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%;" width="479"> </iframe> </div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
<b> <a href="https://www.slideshare.net/heavenshenge/newgrange-the-sentinel" target="_blank" title="Newgrange: The Sentinel">Newgrange: The Sentinel</a> </b> from <b><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/heavenshenge" target="_blank">Jonathan Morris</a></b> </div>
Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-9904593845244082042013-12-09T03:59:00.005-08:002013-12-09T04:01:57.956-08:00The Principle<div style="text-align: justify;">
Here's the trailer for the film about recent discoveries in cosmology.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The trailer references Stonehenge (at 2 minutes in). But only the
film contains the full Stonehenge Sequence; a short "show and tell" of
what Stonehenge was for. The producers used the sequences developed in Heavens' Henge, which is described in much more detail in <a href="http://stone-hinge.blogspot.co.uk/2013/01/book.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">Stonehenge: Solving the Neolithic Universe</span></a>.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Stonehenge Sequence was developed by <a href="http://www.buf.com/main.php" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">BUF Compagnie</span></a>, Paris ("Total Recall", Life of Pi")</div>
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-51252762953309754332013-08-01T11:19:00.000-07:002018-10-23T07:23:59.342-07:00Lifting heavy irregular objects Part 1<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Thought for a bit of fun, I'd would look at an alternative method of lifting very heavy blocks of stone (up to the maximum of a block at Stonehenge):</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">One method uses a frame stack with tapered pallets. The pallet should be big enough to lift the first stages without putting too much load onto the edge of the insertion hole:</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhirevNFeMSv7D01gUj5PQVUB_ee4r_zwweD4lrCFnzYgXy1TOWc5kWi_eutRSpLc_UNA2yYstD26V5iWCWMr99IK6SjZjTCKNhdJ5UltAc4RMRdzACfpk9VIBlokXN9SohNHdSljwX0Ak/s1600/lift01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhirevNFeMSv7D01gUj5PQVUB_ee4r_zwweD4lrCFnzYgXy1TOWc5kWi_eutRSpLc_UNA2yYstD26V5iWCWMr99IK6SjZjTCKNhdJ5UltAc4RMRdzACfpk9VIBlokXN9SohNHdSljwX0Ak/s400/lift01.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Each pallet is lifted using wing levers: These need to be stabilised against a post to prevent racking. You load up the edges with rocks until it starts to lift, a couple of guys either end then slowly force the wings down using their own bodyweight (so that the stone lifts by the height of a pallet) and a new pallet is inserted:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDhfDiNg2Yjl7tC9jDDzw6URfNVPCroKq0TEn5yd2n9nXLswg1jFS-pfm2pLjjOiWrzZX0EZyNuL3oOzyi6qn2BG85O6G1vcrh0moj7yFEMbjXvOwEUZwZkW3vcIr5DacNXoYib_9qU4c/s1600/lift02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDhfDiNg2Yjl7tC9jDDzw6URfNVPCroKq0TEn5yd2n9nXLswg1jFS-pfm2pLjjOiWrzZX0EZyNuL3oOzyi6qn2BG85O6G1vcrh0moj7yFEMbjXvOwEUZwZkW3vcIr5DacNXoYib_9qU4c/s400/lift02.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The pallets need to have their end joints shaped to avoid racking in the late stages of the lift:</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnARrSQTdUDHV9HEJvERcqeVV5KUdn-oX5JZQyrDmPcykLzl_E7CHTmSMCLSv9JvSlSX7HVMBr54WvigdL1dnwv_13gUMzAekFPv4YG8mOBZYz72yYvYeLeqJioEzxpIhBacut1uxkJ4k/s1600/lift03.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnARrSQTdUDHV9HEJvERcqeVV5KUdn-oX5JZQyrDmPcykLzl_E7CHTmSMCLSv9JvSlSX7HVMBr54WvigdL1dnwv_13gUMzAekFPv4YG8mOBZYz72yYvYeLeqJioEzxpIhBacut1uxkJ4k/s400/lift03.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Process needs about 12 people to get the job done quickly, but a few more would be handy. Each load and unload would take about an hour or perhaps less, so a stone could be raised in a few days. A similar method, using exactly the same kit, can be used to raise blocks vertically.</span> </div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span><br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The above system to scale using calculated sizes and a factor of safety of about two.</span></div>
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-84374812222342608122013-04-07T00:09:00.001-07:002018-10-23T07:24:35.912-07:00Stonehenge: A résoudre l'Univers néolithique<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
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<a href="http://www.handow.co.uk/downloads/stonehenge-a-resoudre-l%27univers-neolithique-0.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Téléchargez la première partie ici</span></span></span></a></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>L'histoire</b></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6369851820492477376" name="result_box1"></a>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="fr-FR">Un
de mes intérêts est la durabilité: Je suis membre de deux
institutions d'ingénierie en Grande-Bretagne.</span> </span></span></span>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ce
projet a démarré en 2007 ou à peu près: je me demandais s'il
serait possible d'utiliser des miroirs fixes comme une forme peu
coûteuse de concentrateur d'énergie solaire. Le premier essai a
fonctionné raisonnablement bien et il s'est présenté dans un
magazine sur le développement durable. A ce stade, il n'y avait
aucun lien historique: Cette s'agissait de trouver de nouvelles
façons d'obtenir la puissance à faible coût pour remplacer les
combustibles fossiles.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pour
montrer que les idées étaient nouvelles, j'ai sorti une demande de
brevet. Bien que l'idée était nouvelle, elle a été largement
développée par un organisme de recherche du gouvernement en France
dans les années 1970, puis mis en production en Inde il ya deux
décennies: Je viens de voir une manière un peu mieux de le faire.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="fr-FR"></span></span></span></span>
<a name='more'></a><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="fr-FR">Au
cours des deux prochaines années, j'ai développé plusieurs
prototypes et ceux-ci ont été en vedette dans les journaux.</span> </span></span></span>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Le
système reproduit le mouvement du soleil, crée donc son propre
«petit système solaire" localement à l'intérieur d'une
structure. Si le monde a été fixé au centre de l'Univers, cet
arrangement serait un peu comme une petite reproduction: Si vous
utilisez un réflecteur plutôt que d'une chaudière, le système
montre comment le soleil semble tourner autour de la terre par la
création d'un «mini-soleil».</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Donc,
toutes les mathématiques de cette situation sont basées dans la
pensée géocentrique: Les miroirs sont fixés, de sorte que les
mathématiques sont la façon dont le soleil semble se déplacer
autour de notre planète. Le système peut créer un mini-brillant
soleil levant au-dessus de la plate-forme. A cette époque, le
premier brevet a été vérifié par le bureau britannique des
brevets. Ils ont constaté rien de semblable.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">C'était
la fin de mai 2010, nous avions donc décidé de rendre visite à mon
oncle à Salisbury. «Allons-nous visiter Stonehenge ou peut-être la
cathédrale de Salisbury?» J'ai demandé à mes garçons que nous
approchions de la ville. La réponse «Stonehenge» revint fort et
clair.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stonehenge
avait l'air étrangement familier. Étrange parce que je l'avais
visité seulement comme un jeune enfant. Puis j'ai remarqué que
toutes mes exigences du système semblait être dupliqué dans les
pierres.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Après
quelques recherches, j'ai trouvé qu'il y avait pas d'incohérences:
Toutes les caractéristiques de Stonehenge (linteaux tournées vers
l'intérieur, les hauteurs de pierres, de l'agencement de fer à
cheval et ainsi de suite) est identique à mes exigences du système.
Même les gravures dans la pierre décrire le système: par exemple
la fonction sur la face ouest de la pierre 54 a exactement les mêmes
dimensions relatives que mes composants: 53 et 54 sont très
importantes pour mon système.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">J'ai
donc écrit un roman sur tout cela et a commencé à faire plus de
recherches archéologiques sur les forums pour trouver où était la
faille (j'avais supposé qu'il doit y avoir un quelque part).</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">C'est
là que ça a commencé à devenir un peu intéressant. Au lieu de
montrer des failles, la logique a été en mesure de prédire ce que
les archéologues serait en mesure de trouver. Ainsi, par exemple,
lorsque le Stonehenge Riverside projet ont publié leurs résultats
en 2012, j'ai pu montrer que je l'avais déjà écrit au sujet de
certaines d'entre elles en 2011 (dans le roman). Le Stonehenge
Riverside projet a également trouvé des traces d'utilisation
ferronnerie à Stonehenge avant sa construction (détails dans le
livre du professeur Parker Pearson: </span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">«</span></span></span>Stonehenge</span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">»</span></span></span>, publié
Juin 2012).</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">J'ai
mis en place un document pour le Forum mégalithique et cela s'est
étendu par la suite dans un petit livret de non-fiction. La partie
qui est disponible dans le lien ci-dessus se réfère seulement à la
géo-centrisme et ne dispose pas encore de décrire les inventions
(en ce moment je ne l'ai pas traduit).</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Le
sommaire est que Stonehenge était peut-être une description et un
modèle de travail de notre Univers, le professeur Tim Darvill, un
expert de Stonehenge, a écrit il ya quelques semaines pour dire: </span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">«</span></span></span>Je suis d'accord avec vous que la structure de base de Stonehenge est
essentiellement un modèle de travail de leur cosmos/ univers perçu
....</span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">»</span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Version
française</b></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Je ne
sais pas s'il y aurait intérêt à la communauté de langue
française dans ces idées, donc j'ai traduit le document que
partiellement. Si le document est intéressant, s'il vous plaît
laissez un commentaire ci-dessous.<span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">S</span>i vous voulez écrire en privé, et vous avez une specialiality académique concernant les structures néolithiques, alors s'il vous plaît <a href="mailto:francais@stonehinge.co.uk" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="color: purple;">écrivez-moi ici</span></a> </span></span></span><br />
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-31595809825260501562013-03-29T01:40:00.000-07:002018-10-23T07:24:53.436-07:00The other Stonehenge Solstice connection<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In a world around which the Universe rotates, the Sun moves its plane (circle) up and down along the polar axis. In summer, the plane is high over England, so the days are long. The sun’s circle rises from the north east and sets in the north west. In winter, the plane is low, so the sun’s circle rises from the south east and sets in the south west:</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigQ5GsPkvy-1sqPjw-Dztaeu5KCayAbwK3anwBI8tBcYRb0-BHq7lQIFuCN762fWUbRip3ISejky_mxNYQOmrg6ie-ZJHaZZWcF84nOSYM4cyhJPvP-ShnoDtKMp5ieuXSjFYq_Ga2YQY/s1600/NDW+Orbital+Diagram+Ibf.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigQ5GsPkvy-1sqPjw-Dztaeu5KCayAbwK3anwBI8tBcYRb0-BHq7lQIFuCN762fWUbRip3ISejky_mxNYQOmrg6ie-ZJHaZZWcF84nOSYM4cyhJPvP-ShnoDtKMp5ieuXSjFYq_Ga2YQY/s400/NDW+Orbital+Diagram+Ibf.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">If you are not familiar with the idea of a solar plane, <a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/solar-planes-apparent-orbits-part-2.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">a post here explains it in more detai</span>l</a>. A lot more detail on the sun</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">’s apparent</span> movement can be found <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecliptic" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">on t</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecliptic" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">his wikipedia page</span></a> (which describes the ecliptic).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">If we expand the Earth to make it easy to visualise:</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5TJBx-i5MK_Az-LSbDm-DfyA0U3xNhlcue7tKmL0Wm4WTsasi3OW31sFU43WCshv0tkeWdba5mzt46y2WQdlDw7phyphenhyphen2aD6Xjqmwzas2IpEHc3XUTTrTyzDyYeiDhx5_OxmOGHgv5-7J0/s1600/NDW+Orbital+Diagram+Ia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="391" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5TJBx-i5MK_Az-LSbDm-DfyA0U3xNhlcue7tKmL0Wm4WTsasi3OW31sFU43WCshv0tkeWdba5mzt46y2WQdlDw7phyphenhyphen2aD6Xjqmwzas2IpEHc3XUTTrTyzDyYeiDhx5_OxmOGHgv5-7J0/s400/NDW+Orbital+Diagram+Ia.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Then this layout is identical to Stonehenge’s layout:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmtJols1QCf8s3W9T9EatGrKCdSX2_FeA1Kj7JevnOEwfO8-JKx_tRIlXsR4B4Em7mUzD1Ux8z86mDOFoOHgolhuHN9FHHY7MK3JGv6mo4akZlchdo5qrAWyzISQeQakxL2dk3vCkLhLQ/s1600/Orbital+Diagram+III.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmtJols1QCf8s3W9T9EatGrKCdSX2_FeA1Kj7JevnOEwfO8-JKx_tRIlXsR4B4Em7mUzD1Ux8z86mDOFoOHgolhuHN9FHHY7MK3JGv6mo4akZlchdo5qrAWyzISQeQakxL2dk3vCkLhLQ/s400/Orbital+Diagram+III.jpg" width="400" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">My thanks to NDW for the images.</span>Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-2455736163595118582013-03-25T07:04:00.001-07:002018-10-23T07:25:15.134-07:00Stonehenge's alignment to Solstice<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span> </b></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>The
alignment</b></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">It's
well known that Stonehenge is aligned to the Solstices. At Britain's
latitude, the winter solstice sunset is only just over two degrees
different from the opposing direction at summer solstice. At
Stonehenge, the hills to the north east make the sun appear just that
little bit later, which means that the two events are even closer
than you would find on a flat plain.<b> </b></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>A
posteriori evidence</b></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">There
is evidence from places such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newgrange" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">Newgrange</span></a>
that the solstices may have been important to some Neolithic people.
Sunrise at winter solstice produces a beam of light which shines down
the Newgrange passage.</span></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOF-FQNxTDRDsBuw8Xbh5h-u9OSWVni-L-uMBEwxvUf0wieEH1n0yoUbAWE5Q9cq-epZx7j4u4jcFYX3F94s-0p0BCiZvHwwWY6m-P223DXgznvqp44jTjbYdxx1Ss2fCzmvI1IWidfdM/s1600/IMG_6183.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOF-FQNxTDRDsBuw8Xbh5h-u9OSWVni-L-uMBEwxvUf0wieEH1n0yoUbAWE5Q9cq-epZx7j4u4jcFYX3F94s-0p0BCiZvHwwWY6m-P223DXgznvqp44jTjbYdxx1Ss2fCzmvI1IWidfdM/s400/IMG_6183.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">However,
Newgrange is a long way from Stonehenge. It was constructed hundreds
of years earlier. It also looks nothing like Stonehenge. Stonehenge
does not appear to do anything special with the beams of sunlight, so
the best we can say is that Newgrange (and similar monuments which
are known to have a solstice function) might provide a fairly weak (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_priori_and_a_posteriori" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">a posteriori</span></a>) link<i> if</i> the monuments are of the same type<span style="font-size: small;">.</span><b> </b></span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br /><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>The evidence of
alignments</b></span></span> </span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Stonehenge
has multiple alignments with solstice. Its Avenue points towards
summer solstice sunrise (albeit downwards). The monument is arranged
on an axis which points in about the right direction for either
summer solstice sunrise or winter solstice sunset.<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoybTyIz38rBLsSVZqGz4AY2fCrvwMmZq-zp8PFIeXr_gkUD-FlAfEzzaf-34sIZO9f7zX9Uy4QKEjoD1-zQjubUryq3duHUm6bBkj6R2vmCvvQpVRYY30k609dxov4beNPQ5RkTUfGu8/s1600/P1001.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="242" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoybTyIz38rBLsSVZqGz4AY2fCrvwMmZq-zp8PFIeXr_gkUD-FlAfEzzaf-34sIZO9f7zX9Uy4QKEjoD1-zQjubUryq3duHUm6bBkj6R2vmCvvQpVRYY30k609dxov4beNPQ5RkTUfGu8/s400/P1001.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">From the centre of the monument<span style="font-size: small;">,</span> there is an alignment to summer
solstice through stones 1 and 30 (1). There is also an alignment through
blue-stones 31 and 49 (2). The Avenue is aligned (3) and so is the
slaughter-stone (4) and its companions (if its companions existed). There
also an alignment through the Great Trilithon (<span style="font-size: small;">5)</span>. Some argue that the
heel-stone, though not aligned, would be aligned if it's companion
existed at the same time (which evidence in the way of a ditch shows that it did not<span style="font-size: small;">)</span>.</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">But
Stonehenge is a symmetrical monument. Any symmetrical building layout
will generate multiple alignments. For example, <span style="font-size: small;">i</span>f an entrance door of any
symmetrical building faces solstice, it will be aligned to solstice
(1) from the hallway in exactly the same way that Stonehenge's 30-01
stones do. If its lobby is symmetrical, it will also generate
alignment (2) through the lobby door in exactly the same way that the
blue-stones referred to do. If it has a path leading to the door,
that will generate the same solstice alignment (3) as the Avenue. If
two garden gnomes are placed either side of the path, that will
generate the same alignment (4) as the slaughter-stone and its pair.
If the kitchen is behind the hall, the kitchen door will generate the
same alignment (5) as the Great Trilithon. The door to the
conservatory generates extra alignments (6,7) that Stonehenge does
not have and the <span style="font-size: small;">p<span style="font-size: small;">ath </span></span>gate creates yet another alignment (8) not
seen at Stonehenge.</span></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU9HE7ERNf2xkLcse2a9BOtk1IKXv8vGpPiup7C7eGotvscI73sn0XqmkKQrfGdXj1ZEWutIa8LNOD0cNNt0WJmlp3mubd2D6DIUMRiK7YZg4T60s1XbPLedVN1Y5LN0guL3TvZw00mLw/s1600/HOUSE1A.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU9HE7ERNf2xkLcse2a9BOtk1IKXv8vGpPiup7C7eGotvscI73sn0XqmkKQrfGdXj1ZEWutIa8LNOD0cNNt0WJmlp3mubd2D6DIUMRiK7YZg4T60s1XbPLedVN1Y5LN0guL3TvZw00mLw/s400/HOUSE1A.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">All this without having the problem of the heel-stone, which does not
align, even with its pair stone-hole. Nor with the problem of the
Altar Stone, which <i><span style="text-decoration: none;">does</span></i>
obstruct the view of the setting solstice sun through the trilithons.<span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The odds</span></span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stonehenge </span>is aligned to solstice, but only in the same way that a house might also <span style="font-size: small;">be aligned<span style="font-size: small;"> purely by chance</span>.<span style="font-size: small;"> Turn i<span style="font-size: small;">t</span> <span style="font-size: small;">round <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">forty</span> degrees and it aligns east. <span style="font-size: small;">Forty </span>more and it meets winter solstice sunrise. There is <span style="font-size: small;">at best </span>a 1 in<span style="font-size: small;"> 60</span> chance that it points in a correct direction by chance and chance alone.</span></span> Given that we are looking for something which shows what <span style="font-size: small;">Stonehenge was for</span>, <span style="font-size: small;">our finding something <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">(that </span>fit<span style="font-size: small;">s with our preconceptions)</span> </span><span style="font-size: small;">reduces the odds to perhaps only <span style="font-size: small;">slightly better than </span>50/50</span><span style="font-size: small;">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Is there anyone who knows of more proof or evidence that supports the solstice argument? I<span style="font-size: small;">'</span>m not against the idea<span style="font-size: small;">;</span> I just don't see the evidence.</span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span></div>
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-5576551585700763172013-03-11T07:46:00.003-07:002019-02-15T10:59:29.023-08:00Secrets of the Stonehenge Skeletons<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Secrets of the Stonehenge Skeletons: Initial Critique </b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Interesting documentary last night shown on Channel 4: <span style="color: blue;"><a href="http://www.channel4.com/programmes/secrets-of-the-stonehenge-skeletons/4od" target="_blank">Secrets of the Stonehenge Skeletons</a>.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></u></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1) The Procession</span></u></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In the graphics, the program described how up to 4000 people </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> “</span></span>formed a procession up the along the Avenue to pay their respects to the dead.... and observe the winter solstice sunset through the aligned stones</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">”</span>: This being one of the main conclusions of the documentary.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBlEc3-PfeJcQaVr_GJmjldhlxWhyphenhyphenM69CIwNJT7xQHrrdxRmE8jp9GLoUQgskjReancHRGPS4TQXWpXItT4Y5NZewuNUSTtBKemwzeqk1jMqA0X3sCnPBn5NgdpunliJhiTSPen2gFmw0/s1600/00.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBlEc3-PfeJcQaVr_GJmjldhlxWhyphenhyphenM69CIwNJT7xQHrrdxRmE8jp9GLoUQgskjReancHRGPS4TQXWpXItT4Y5NZewuNUSTtBKemwzeqk1jMqA0X3sCnPBn5NgdpunliJhiTSPen2gFmw0/s320/00.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Extract from video feed of the programme</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The problem with this idea is that the most recent English Heritage report has shown that it was unlikely to have been used for processions: The track-way would have been rutted at the elbow of the Avenue (</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">see <a href="http://services.english-heritage.org.uk/ResearchReportsPdfs/031_2012WEB.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">English Heritage report 31</span></a></span> entitled </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> “</span>The
Avenue And Stonehenge Bottom</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">”).
</span>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><u>2) The Solstice gathering </u></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The program described how people walked up to Stonehenge to see the
winter Solstice: At Winter Solstice, the sun can be seen setting at and through the bottom of the Great Trilithon stones when seen from the direction of the Avenue. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/11/the-avenue.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhizgHeramfDpyvqvBTaDxSPLytkp2P02DZXdA6-3iOXBkBcDLz3mZLyZXt8U5qvyTUdisoD0tSxm287g8nqdyfFsGV5kuPJ6Z86nHxLG9fL9qPxAbGVjU59Mt3Q27X3nTaDP7zUpiEgHc/s320/1av.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgks7BC8SgUQ-l9DwHyhuMcfs4t0iIYpDdB4L1I0FpJJ7Yrp9f6F1MEYrCN8Lf_vfjqHS4Uu_cQfULsxG2PNHjUdxGyQxvOQbKR8guptGcoPPsHeVQTpkJN4TdM8DeYR-2ngBxg1-3LEuE/s320/2av.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The problem with this idea is that the Avenue is on a slope: You can not see the bottom of the stones from most of the Avenue</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> (<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/11/the-avenue.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">see photos in this post</span></a>). </span></div>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Yet the monument has been shown to have been specifically designed to be seen from the Avenue (see <a href="http://services.english-heritage.org.uk/ResearchReportsPdfs/032_2012WEB.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">English Heritage report 32</span></a> entitled </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> “</span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Stonehenge
Laser Scan:</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Archaeological
Analysis Report</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">”). If the monument were built for the purpose described in the documentary, the builders appear to have chosen a particularly bad location. </span>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">3) Metals</span></u></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In the program, the reason for Stonehenge's decline was said to be due to the Beaker people, who apparently brought metals to England after Stonehenge was built: Stonehenge seemingly declined as a result. </span><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">“</span></span>Copper: A beautiful shiny new material: Metal. Nobody before had seen this in Britain</span></i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i>”</i> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> (quote from Documentary</span>).</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1ZIZvBqdJ_h8IJBpAkDj9zqK2UJ1MZLeYIvEKGzGuUszDxqdGCH96Z3xJHtPwf2L3wIdjBcohb2Le6H5MhAJzlbj3o382qX25pqnzkFHE1PfU-7msRNtWaWSazMQuVK-hzY9aqaeRVek/s1600/03.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1ZIZvBqdJ_h8IJBpAkDj9zqK2UJ1MZLeYIvEKGzGuUszDxqdGCH96Z3xJHtPwf2L3wIdjBcohb2Le6H5MhAJzlbj3o382qX25pqnzkFHE1PfU-7msRNtWaWSazMQuVK-hzY9aqaeRVek/s320/03.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Extract from video feed of the programme</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The problem with this is that his book (</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">“Stonehenge: Exploring the Greatest Stone Age Mystery”)
</span>describes in a lot of detail how metals were likely to have been in use at Stonehenge when it was built: For example on page 125 he describes how copper used in ditch digging at Durrington Walls has been dated to 2480-2460Bc (and lists other evidence for copper use prior to 2500BC). The date given for the construction of Stonehenge is 2620-2480BC (see page 310). </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Both the program and the book appear to state that Durrington was built to construct Stonehenge. </span><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">“</span></span>This
evidence showed that animals were being slaughtered [at Durrington] to
mark the mid winter Solstice at Stonehenge.... and this was
happening at exactly the same time as the second phase of the building
of the monument.... so Durrington was effectively a builder's camp servicing Stonehenge's construction</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">”</span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In other words, the sequence described appears to be wrong: If you are building a settlement to house workers, you build the settlement first, not the monument. If the settlement was built first, then Mike Parker Pearson's book suggests that metals were in use before Stonehenge was built. Yet at the same time, the documentary suggests that the discovery of metals was the reason that Stonehenge stopped being used.</span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">4) Periglacial Stripes</span></u></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The program described how two periglacial stripes were the reason that the location on Salisbury Plain was chosen for Stonehenge: </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMPaeCBMhY9GsI-7s93zWBglMutvfvTQTzPTfePSWRtH3DwJXl4RXcdz700MsZSNbn9LQeaNCFNmjZKOEP4E7up-j0I5hlgyu3tjbaAVFjOCdxVhJcUw32W3ULK6Ptt62Nkq5WC0NBh9U/s1600/02.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMPaeCBMhY9GsI-7s93zWBglMutvfvTQTzPTfePSWRtH3DwJXl4RXcdz700MsZSNbn9LQeaNCFNmjZKOEP4E7up-j0I5hlgyu3tjbaAVFjOCdxVhJcUw32W3ULK6Ptt62Nkq5WC0NBh9U/s320/02.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Extract from video feed of the programme</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The problem with this is that periglacial stripes form as a result of slope weathering: There will be more than just two of them. The two that have been selected for the program make it appear as if they are special. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Before the Avenue was built there would have been multiple stripes to choose from, probably radiating out from the hill summit in differing directions, and not just the two which are shown on the program (beneath the Avenue). The idea that these two stripes made the original location special appears hopeful rather then conclusive.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Overall </span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In summary, some of the conclusions of the documentary appear to be discounted by the evidence of the team that contributed to it: This was a bit disappointing. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><u>Additional note</u>: (06-13)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Periglacial Stripes: The criticism is more about the evidence presented rather than the possibility that this may have existed (as the reason to signify that the Stonehenge location was special). If better evidence exists, perhaps something not noted in either the program or <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Stonehenge-Exploring-Greatest-Stone-Mystery/dp/085720730X" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">the book by Mike Parker-Pearson</span></a>, it would be great to see this and be able to strike it off the list.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<br />Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-12840070339436677782013-03-08T04:12:00.002-08:002018-10-23T07:25:36.292-07:00Making Spherical Mirrors: Part 2<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Making Spherical Mirrors; Part2</b></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>. Using Modern Materials</b></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This
post is about how to construct a 9 piece frame for a segment of a spherical mirror. For the
sample frame I used 30cm x 30cm square
mirrors from IKEA. </span>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Spherical
mirrors sets are part of a ball. Imagine you have an orange and you cut
a small square out of it's skin: This small 'spherical' square is what
we are trying to create. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">When
flat plane mirrors are placed into this arrangement, it will form a segment of a
sphere: See part 1 for <a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2013/03/making-spherical-mirrors-part-1.html"><span style="color: blue;">an explanation of the maths and what's being done</span></a>.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2Aq5mwGJVgTATIlZewgB3ygp6uVqbTuyugLGnpmYSXGIVXJgIEe7U1uh1kj1zz4hgg4ZKHDnnic6cmOkNcab_f3nLVIKIwOYL5f1asLgfFq7ZW4qTw_oGn1bSTvjz4lv7aKrQPYFuyLk/s1600/SQ01.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2Aq5mwGJVgTATIlZewgB3ygp6uVqbTuyugLGnpmYSXGIVXJgIEe7U1uh1kj1zz4hgg4ZKHDnnic6cmOkNcab_f3nLVIKIwOYL5f1asLgfFq7ZW4qTw_oGn1bSTvjz4lv7aKrQPYFuyLk/s200/SQ01.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">At first, I tried using shaped plywood and a 16 mirror frame: </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQRVxoF07ALOVH6nQZC3pdmjNDgzmQGJL91sG8PYLA2k4xC-zQhuYahv78WY6EpeQt6NUE2KGHbnOfLnHiwykZoxd2rkAvBrf4E9v56C_9P7e9jXp2YP4cLkbyk6969B8pKbbH3wP9GvA/s1600/01-IMG_1795.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQRVxoF07ALOVH6nQZC3pdmjNDgzmQGJL91sG8PYLA2k4xC-zQhuYahv78WY6EpeQt6NUE2KGHbnOfLnHiwykZoxd2rkAvBrf4E9v56C_9P7e9jXp2YP4cLkbyk6969B8pKbbH3wP9GvA/s200/01-IMG_1795.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">But fairly quickly discovered that in practice it wasn't easy to focus and that a 9 mirror frame would be far cheaper, simpler to construct and easy to focus. To make this, I first constructed frames out of 2</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">”</span></span></span> x 1</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">”</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> timber and then fixed pieces of plywood in the centre and either side to make it rigid. At the edges of each part of the central cross, I then placed another piece of 1</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">”</span></span></span> timber to raise the edge (where the clamps are in picture below): </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz6-srBh7KrQX7FQR6phv4MLKQv2GdApa3ZKceGeqojzYVVtFcsx8RtIndniUTzyPI2EO3XXEWhaFjnCQWJ6j7lJexYJEgllrzKChA6LCkc_rujmxGm_18faA9yeceCY0Q0NlQsUPJPO4/s1600/02.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz6-srBh7KrQX7FQR6phv4MLKQv2GdApa3ZKceGeqojzYVVtFcsx8RtIndniUTzyPI2EO3XXEWhaFjnCQWJ6j7lJexYJEgllrzKChA6LCkc_rujmxGm_18faA9yeceCY0Q0NlQsUPJPO4/s320/02.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The next step was to add blocks made of two squares of 1</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">”</span></span> timber to each of the corners to raise them to the second </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">“level</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">” (<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2013/03/making-spherical-mirrors-part-1.html"><span style="color: blue;">see part 1 for explanation</span></a>)</span></span>. Over the top of this, I put compressible material:</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidjzvXAfXu1k7uJm5C47GFShMcIt1b43vcDtX2PdutZwclwMiBnr8x0fnmHWw4SuSpgYtwPQF6NrnNZFo5U56tAsjH1I1TpAQV193c0Qx7qnBn0vWJ0-dwVJFuXYRhn5xbOmnrhdij664/s1600/03.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidjzvXAfXu1k7uJm5C47GFShMcIt1b43vcDtX2PdutZwclwMiBnr8x0fnmHWw4SuSpgYtwPQF6NrnNZFo5U56tAsjH1I1TpAQV193c0Qx7qnBn0vWJ0-dwVJFuXYRhn5xbOmnrhdij664/s320/03.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">With that task done, the mirrors can be placed and fixed with screws:</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPzxy3093vhdyDklt_kJMTaexIw3vr_vrF6KMZQbIGg1XdNMoevCylMzapKs3l5CWEsozlfzDZwxXAVPhA5OUyTibMJMe1Y1bx3vQj1iI1y1trXas7uZttX3R6CdJV2jvvtxf_moT_SBY/s1600/04.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPzxy3093vhdyDklt_kJMTaexIw3vr_vrF6KMZQbIGg1XdNMoevCylMzapKs3l5CWEsozlfzDZwxXAVPhA5OUyTibMJMe1Y1bx3vQj1iI1y1trXas7uZttX3R6CdJV2jvvtxf_moT_SBY/s320/04.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">When done and the focus checked, the mirror frames can be stacked for use:</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBbpqYQ7a5g3m0YUy2fL9INgXjsGEjFYcIbSgdg70uLWOuW9FQ6ckBspIkPMSlvixjkHS5T2g3yYs-cDfBGzXbg-guIGwE7b2atUKTpWb7bdTWtHesRwPC8mZ9nL_PAWrMEu1ZL0w_M2I/s1600/05.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBbpqYQ7a5g3m0YUy2fL9INgXjsGEjFYcIbSgdg70uLWOuW9FQ6ckBspIkPMSlvixjkHS5T2g3yYs-cDfBGzXbg-guIGwE7b2atUKTpWb7bdTWtHesRwPC8mZ9nL_PAWrMEu1ZL0w_M2I/s320/05.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This is what the arrangement looks
like when complete:</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZasl4OcmbK5UeZUfCJaObOzT5lqgGy-qntYEEV_u8SCFT2qTvWKV-208Ut1-rkjnUxyVt7FVRuC32oPENAKgFmWTeOC55sY7fi4J96cntwepBCIQnzlE5PFFU_0GcasmVjsXFLYAcgRE/s1600/SQ99.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZasl4OcmbK5UeZUfCJaObOzT5lqgGy-qntYEEV_u8SCFT2qTvWKV-208Ut1-rkjnUxyVt7FVRuC32oPENAKgFmWTeOC55sY7fi4J96cntwepBCIQnzlE5PFFU_0GcasmVjsXFLYAcgRE/s320/SQ99.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Note that each mirror has a slightly different </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">“</span>view</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">”</span></span> of the observer.</span><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>The detail & notes </b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Square
mirrors are easy to get. However, other shapes can work as well and can
work better than squares. If anyone plans to make this using cast
metal, the preferred shape is likely to be an equal sided <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallelogram" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">parallelogram</span></a> known as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombus" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">rhombus</span></a> (and occasionally referred to as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bush_Barrow" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">lozenge</span></a>). I'll describe why later if there's interest. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">End Notes</span></b><br />
<i><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">I have hundreds of photos of the arrangement and how it was built. If there's anything you don't understand, let me know below and I'll add in some detail on how it was done.</span></span></i><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Part 3 to follow</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2013/03/making-spherical-mirrors-part-1.html"><span style="color: blue;">Part 1 is here</span></a>.</span></div>
Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-76010188415269825892013-03-03T11:28:00.000-08:002018-10-23T07:26:00.680-07:00Making Spherical Mirrors: Part 1<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Introduction: Part 1</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This post is about how to construct simple spherical mirror frames. For the sample frame (to be described in part 2) I used 30cm x 30cm square mirrors from IKEA. I'll show how it works here and then describe in part 2 how to make this even more cheaply.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Spherical mirrors sets are part of a ball. Imagine you have an orange and you cut a small square out of it's skin: This small 'spherical' square is what we are trying to create using mirrors. However, we are making it out of flat pieces of mirror. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2Aq5mwGJVgTATIlZewgB3ygp6uVqbTuyugLGnpmYSXGIVXJgIEe7U1uh1kj1zz4hgg4ZKHDnnic6cmOkNcab_f3nLVIKIwOYL5f1asLgfFq7ZW4qTw_oGn1bSTvjz4lv7aKrQPYFuyLk/s1600/SQ01.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2Aq5mwGJVgTATIlZewgB3ygp6uVqbTuyugLGnpmYSXGIVXJgIEe7U1uh1kj1zz4hgg4ZKHDnnic6cmOkNcab_f3nLVIKIwOYL5f1asLgfFq7ZW4qTw_oGn1bSTvjz4lv7aKrQPYFuyLk/s200/SQ01.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Imagine the
square of orange peel has one square mirror placed at it's centre. When
eight other mirrors are placed around the centre one, each edge (away
from the centre) will be raised slightly: It will follow the curve of
the ball.</span> <b><br /></b></span><br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br /><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Principles </b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">To make this work, image you have a piece of plywood: </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzF3EWqPqu6zHuNVVyujIdd23zyBWFp0sPxGA_tfB3X0oCErKkgrf5dMTEXjW_mQ409TtcgVJgla42MNCbBVK3ip6ChBlv20CDiyzkpMJISIoNp9jYLLcXVfK0QRzOlsZSdvUDIbInbC0/s1600/SQ12.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzF3EWqPqu6zHuNVVyujIdd23zyBWFp0sPxGA_tfB3X0oCErKkgrf5dMTEXjW_mQ409TtcgVJgla42MNCbBVK3ip6ChBlv20CDiyzkpMJISIoNp9jYLLcXVfK0QRzOlsZSdvUDIbInbC0/s200/SQ12.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Then add in pieces of timber around the edge to raise the edges of pieces of mirror:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFypU9QKDG64X20VGo8sFQSIYJdhaSmUPPTsBIp1TOtdrXZoII4dQ2mfy_psHvPaQBfLwVZGjpRe1hAdYHsCQDmnSYeg_anf4XVfoJBy-RYfvf0LeRzHlrBRFrM6vwBYdflhWGbBYTXX0/s1600/SQ22.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="188" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFypU9QKDG64X20VGo8sFQSIYJdhaSmUPPTsBIp1TOtdrXZoII4dQ2mfy_psHvPaQBfLwVZGjpRe1hAdYHsCQDmnSYeg_anf4XVfoJBy-RYfvf0LeRzHlrBRFrM6vwBYdflhWGbBYTXX0/s200/SQ22.JPG" width="200" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Then add in small pieces of timber at the corners:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiD0ihMDf8enr21vtShJ0U7mTF2w4gLwk20ho8XpY4UQnT_PCTXpMJPLLkJvVsWGrFudj3CU4PIiPSY1ryIfmIbI_aQuDe0zPoYL47OZCDY1Ou72UPQdlzVQIsymICAw2sqR68ZzZEZ6mo/s1600/SQ32.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiD0ihMDf8enr21vtShJ0U7mTF2w4gLwk20ho8XpY4UQnT_PCTXpMJPLLkJvVsWGrFudj3CU4PIiPSY1ryIfmIbI_aQuDe0zPoYL47OZCDY1Ou72UPQdlzVQIsymICAw2sqR68ZzZEZ6mo/s200/SQ32.JPG" width="200" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">When mirrors are placed into this arrangement, it will form a segment of a sphere. When you look at the mirrors from the centre, you will see your face in all the pieces:</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6w_Gakao4ztzhKyPZgpkbdwcU0mrezHuSTHevXosNe0Ffo8NUvqGdUotquIZG_y3BBWIj2KY8me_2Lyt1n1-6wBp-yhqQtCllOvX2y_DyLic7NWKYu8DM7etFNLHMrK-QsT_xgLi0ctg/s1600/SQ42.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6w_Gakao4ztzhKyPZgpkbdwcU0mrezHuSTHevXosNe0Ffo8NUvqGdUotquIZG_y3BBWIj2KY8me_2Lyt1n1-6wBp-yhqQtCllOvX2y_DyLic7NWKYu8DM7etFNLHMrK-QsT_xgLi0ctg/s200/SQ42.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">For squares or rhombic mirrors, each segment has 9 identical mirrors: One in the centre: Four on each face and four more filling in each corner (rather like a noughts and crosses layout). This is what the arrangement looks like when complete:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZasl4OcmbK5UeZUfCJaObOzT5lqgGy-qntYEEV_u8SCFT2qTvWKV-208Ut1-rkjnUxyVt7FVRuC32oPENAKgFmWTeOC55sY7fi4J96cntwepBCIQnzlE5PFFU_0GcasmVjsXFLYAcgRE/s1600/SQ99.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZasl4OcmbK5UeZUfCJaObOzT5lqgGy-qntYEEV_u8SCFT2qTvWKV-208Ut1-rkjnUxyVt7FVRuC32oPENAKgFmWTeOC55sY7fi4J96cntwepBCIQnzlE5PFFU_0GcasmVjsXFLYAcgRE/s200/SQ99.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Note that each mirror has a slightly different 'view' of the observer.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Maths </span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The maths are identical to that described in 'The Size of the World' in <a href="http://stone-hinge.blogspot.co.uk/2013/01/book.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">Stonehenge: Solving the Neolithic Universe</span></a>. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">To be spherical, each mirror has to face towards a central point. If the mirrors are small and the radius (distance to the centre point) quite a long way away, all that is needed is a flat base and two additional raised levels around the edges.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Rather than go into the maths here, the principle is quite simple: If the mirror is a width W and the centre a distance R away, then the first raised levels is W x (W/R) high and the second double the height. So, for example to create a 5000cm radius mirror using 50cm wide mirrors, the first raised level will be 0.5cm high. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>The detail & notes </b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Square
mirrors are easy to get. However, other shapes can work as well and can
work better than squares. If anyone plans to make this using cast
metal, the preferred shape is likely to be an equal sided <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallelogram" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">parallelogram</span></a> known as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombus" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">rhombus</span></a> (and occasionally referred to as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bush_Barrow" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">lozenge</span></a>). I'll describe why later. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEF1nc3aPlY_DHh82uwsXnFv8MfrJIn4TksTu24Nc0_uI7o_G_9CmCskdw217S77FATH6HB6rg_clnb3np0f1syoH21HgEjmRZZPWqe6vDHJMLwhQk6J-a0NCUhvsOQrpmaGX8hsKWKgg/s1600/SQ53.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="145" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEF1nc3aPlY_DHh82uwsXnFv8MfrJIn4TksTu24Nc0_uI7o_G_9CmCskdw217S77FATH6HB6rg_clnb3np0f1syoH21HgEjmRZZPWqe6vDHJMLwhQk6J-a0NCUhvsOQrpmaGX8hsKWKgg/s200/SQ53.JPG" width="200" /></a></span></div>
<br />
<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2013/03/making-spherical-mirrors-part-2.html"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Part 2 is here</span></span></a></div>
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-73087379005424753302012-12-10T00:09:00.002-08:002012-12-20T07:15:47.808-08:00Review on Megalithic Portal<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b>Stonehenge:
Solving the Neolithic Universe: Book review </b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
“<i><span style="font-size: small;">The author has
obviously done a lot of research, but more importantly has put in a
lot of leg-work visiting the sites mentioned in the book and has
actually tried the experiments using only the materials available to
megalithic peoples. When someone has done (or tried to do) something,
you get an added depth to the experience and this certainly comes
across in Jon’s writing. Page 11 has a marvellous example, when
attempting to view the exact point on the horizon where the sun
rises/sets. Even on a clear day this is often impossible due to the
haze, something I also know through bitter experience.</span><span style="font-size: small;">”</span></i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: small;">“</span><span style="font-size: small;">The
one thing that makes this book a winner is the fact that it’s
central theory is not a house of cards. The various parts are not all
required to prove that Stonehenge was a geocentric “planetarium”
(or whatever the solar equivalent is) and equally you can accept all
the parts but reject the final conclusion.</span><span style="font-size: small;">”</span></i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: small;">“</span><b><span style="font-size: small;">Highly
recommended to anyone with an interest in Stonehenge.</span></b><span style="font-size: small;">”</span></span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.megalithic.co.uk/themes/Megalithic_New/images/megalithic_logo_150.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img align="BOTTOM" border="0" height="150" name="graphics1" src="http://www.megalithic.co.uk/themes/Megalithic_New/images/megalithic_logo_150.gif" width="150" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /><b><a href="http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=2146414126" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">Read full Review here </span></a></b></span></div>
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-51415121950023887572012-11-19T10:54:00.002-08:002018-10-23T07:30:30.569-07:00The Avenue to Stonehenge<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Avenue was probably not used for processions or for hauling the stones (<a href="http://services.english-heritage.org.uk/ResearchReportsPdfs/031_2012WEB.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">English Heritage report 031</span></a> page 34 and 35). </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">One other use is to create perspective for an assembly of people: The land at Stonehenge Bottom is fairly flat and leads to a slope which climbs about 5 metres over 100 metres before flattening off. As you walk towards </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Stonehenge</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">, the lower-most parts of the monument gradually disappear from sight. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Because the ground slopes up, the banks of the Avenue would have had a focal point some 4 metres or so above the ground:</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhizgHeramfDpyvqvBTaDxSPLytkp2P02DZXdA6-3iOXBkBcDLz3mZLyZXt8U5qvyTUdisoD0tSxm287g8nqdyfFsGV5kuPJ6Z86nHxLG9fL9qPxAbGVjU59Mt3Q27X3nTaDP7zUpiEgHc/s1600/1av.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhizgHeramfDpyvqvBTaDxSPLytkp2P02DZXdA6-3iOXBkBcDLz3mZLyZXt8U5qvyTUdisoD0tSxm287g8nqdyfFsGV5kuPJ6Z86nHxLG9fL9qPxAbGVjU59Mt3Q27X3nTaDP7zUpiEgHc/s320/1av.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This gradual curve upwards allows anyone on the Avenue to always be able to see the top of Stonehenge. The heel stone also starts to become more prominent from about half way along the Avenue.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Stonehenge today as seen from north of avenue near Stonehenge bottom: From left to right: Mound, Heel-stone, Stonehenge:</span> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgks7BC8SgUQ-l9DwHyhuMcfs4t0iIYpDdB4L1I0FpJJ7Yrp9f6F1MEYrCN8Lf_vfjqHS4Uu_cQfULsxG2PNHjUdxGyQxvOQbKR8guptGcoPPsHeVQTpkJN4TdM8DeYR-2ngBxg1-3LEuE/s1600/2av.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgks7BC8SgUQ-l9DwHyhuMcfs4t0iIYpDdB4L1I0FpJJ7Yrp9f6F1MEYrCN8Lf_vfjqHS4Uu_cQfULsxG2PNHjUdxGyQxvOQbKR8guptGcoPPsHeVQTpkJN4TdM8DeYR-2ngBxg1-3LEuE/s320/2av.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.stone-circles.org.uk/stone/images/stonehengeavenue.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.stone-circles.org.uk/stone/images/stonehengeavenue.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Avenue (image from an <a href="http://www.stone-circles.org.uk/stone/avenue.htm" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">external link</span></a>):</span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.stone-circles.org.uk/stone/images/stonehengeavenue.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.stone-circles.org.uk/stone/images/stonehengeavenue.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://www.stone-circles.org.uk/stone/images/stonehengeavenue.jpg" height="226" width="400" /></a></div>
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-65089798233064435162012-10-14T00:51:00.002-07:002018-10-23T07:30:42.200-07:00Stonehenge Laser Scan<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In
late 2012, English Heritage published an archaeological report
(</span></span><a href="http://services.english-heritage.org.uk/ResearchReportsPdfs/032_2012web.pdf"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">download
here</span></span></span></a><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">)
which contains many newly discovered details together with artwork.</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz8mDVhVSMVSMeIdA7GBGQ7Xraf69bYpVK6qPtOUOtjNZZmLKVJYrAwsVjVFjEwTRI-_-1h6XAEGuzGJYU5PCdkQDQIiW6fnWW3El21CLqUiQ-HEWWYjyqCOeU0n440w0BaUIhzBnQtxk/s1600/rockart.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz8mDVhVSMVSMeIdA7GBGQ7Xraf69bYpVK6qPtOUOtjNZZmLKVJYrAwsVjVFjEwTRI-_-1h6XAEGuzGJYU5PCdkQDQIiW6fnWW3El21CLqUiQ-HEWWYjyqCOeU0n440w0BaUIhzBnQtxk/s320/rockart.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Extracted from page 29</span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
Broken Stone and the secret of the Heavens’ Henge, published 2011,
contains a non-fiction section which proposes a new interpretation of
Stonehenge. Many of the new features described in the 2012
archaeological report, and the reasons why, were predicted and
described in the novel:</span></span></span></div>
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<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Design
Approach from the North East</b></span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"The
most regular and extensively dressed stones are however placed
towards the NE" (Page 21)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"This
confirms the view that the sarsen circle was not supposed to be
approached, or perhaps even seen, from this southwest direction
(Tilley et al. 2007). Instead the emphasis was on the approach from
the NE" (Page 51)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
Broken Stone and the secret of the Heavens’ Henge described why
(see pages 100 to 107 in Chapter 14 “The Temple of the Sun”)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>South
West not designed to be approached:</b> </span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"The
use of small stones (e.g Stone 11 and Stone 21) and irregular stones
(e.g. Stone 14) is a distinct feature of the SW half of the monument
" (Page 21)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"The
absence of working on the exterior faces of Stones 14-16. and coarse
finished on the backs of Stones 10 and 11 is significant as these
further demonstrate a significant contrast between the NE and SW
sides of the monument, as well as indicating interior/exterior
differences" (Page 23)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"The
absence of dressing on the exterior surfaces of stones on the SW of
the Sarsen Circle indicates that the monument was not designed to be
approached from this direction" (Page 52):</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
Broken Stone and the secret of the Heavens’ Henge described why
(Chapter 23 and Chapter 33 together with other references through the
book) </span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Stone
54 </b></span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"Though
it is notable how well Stones 53 and 154 are finished in relation to
Stone 54" (Page 21)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The
heaviest stone in the monument's circle is Stone 54 (Page 59) </span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">The
Broken Stone and the secret of the Heavens’ Henge described why
(see pages 153 to 156 in Chapter 22: “The Founding Stone”)</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>The
North East inner facing segment: </b></span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"The
lintels have been extensively shaped, with curved outer and inner
faces matching the circumference of the monument" (Page 23)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"Lintels
102 and 130, 101 and 102 on the NE half of the monument, are most
regular lintels" (Page 23)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
Broken Stone and the secret of the Heavens’ Henge described why
(see page 235, drawing 1)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>New
T shaped markings found over many new stones</b></span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Pictures
of scans on pages 28-35</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
Broken Stone and the secret of the Heavens’ Henge described why
(see Epilogue and particularly page 231)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<br /></div>
Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-57417434515345409882012-09-23T00:02:00.003-07:002018-10-23T07:31:20.940-07:00Bourne Hill Neolithic Mound<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"> </span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;">Bourne
Hill is a Scheduled Monument located on the </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;">hill</span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;">̓</span></span></span></span><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;">
s </span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;">high point at 50.78675N,0.2359E: It is some 12 metres diameter or more and about 1.5 metres high. It is approximately level though slopes from west to east by about 300mm. An apparent slight bowl exists in the surface, though the ridge of the bowl, if it existed, no longer exists to the east. An OS survey marker is adjacent to it (seen right of photo):</span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6JzsMNRkmlxyXKX9epxhhjQisHBFFnpQB4KaU4uWeELArG3bYjV2lS8WmXCF3sTBl93pb6JprJ9SnY8nuHo_F0H4DMSh9JTACuW2aVSyx6MLuq8J3OkoZKmHe7wteWJeFqfBr5x3YiXQ/s1600/bourne.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6JzsMNRkmlxyXKX9epxhhjQisHBFFnpQB4KaU4uWeELArG3bYjV2lS8WmXCF3sTBl93pb6JprJ9SnY8nuHo_F0H4DMSh9JTACuW2aVSyx6MLuq8J3OkoZKmHe7wteWJeFqfBr5x3YiXQ/s320/bourne.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It has clear sea views beyond Hastings: (picture taken at dawn near equinox)</span><br />
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<a name='more'></a><br /><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRB8iHqBZb7krs2YShC80SRuNSRKMkNlkIxpp8WUfW05VObN3G8Ko9ZS43ImMnkVg-87xWBLwBwa0oF9YlVvpfPE6wST7lQdHiMrIsH3kP1i5Vs5KL_dMxV8vc2O104mgyIEZLm4I3VuY/s1600/sunrise.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRB8iHqBZb7krs2YShC80SRuNSRKMkNlkIxpp8WUfW05VObN3G8Ko9ZS43ImMnkVg-87xWBLwBwa0oF9YlVvpfPE6wST7lQdHiMrIsH3kP1i5Vs5KL_dMxV8vc2O104mgyIEZLm4I3VuY/s320/sunrise.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">And clear sea views towards the Isle of Wight (picture taken at dusk near equinox)</span><br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyJZF7aDVRY4UhyJAKvU6r7P0wOR_8KWaP87nCWNgE50qYV2GV_IWsAgrsbMP1MD2Qxh0AoCg5rXXx_WAKkNHRTWUSaNCqXsQ94sG9HOErx3-DxRGTOawS4PrKpUUPkiIq6ujoWpfajNQ/s1600/sunset.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyJZF7aDVRY4UhyJAKvU6r7P0wOR_8KWaP87nCWNgE50qYV2GV_IWsAgrsbMP1MD2Qxh0AoCg5rXXx_WAKkNHRTWUSaNCqXsQ94sG9HOErx3-DxRGTOawS4PrKpUUPkiIq6ujoWpfajNQ/s320/sunset.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This mound is one of the types which can be used for <a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/sunrise-from-neolithic-barrow.html"><span style="color: blue;">the experiment to show the curvature of the Earth</span></a>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<br />Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-41621720029596380492012-09-03T02:50:00.002-07:002013-04-04T06:11:13.820-07:00The Hinge of Stone: Downloads<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
</div>
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<b><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Updated
introductory paper: Version 2: <a href="http://www.handow.co.uk/downloads/Stonehenge-and-heavenshinge-2.pdf"><span style="color: blue;">Available
Here </span></a></span></span></span></b>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">(The introductory paper is Chapter 1 of Solving the Neolithic Universe)</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The
introductory paper version 1 can also be accessed via the </span><a href="http://www.megalithic.co.uk/download.php?op=NewDownloadsDate&selectdate=1348762969"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Megalithic
Portal</span></span></a></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"></span></span><br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western">
<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/11/stonehenge-solving-neolithic-universe.html"><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>Extended
version </b></span></span></a>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The
extended version (Stonehenge: Solving the Neolithic Universe) contains four extra chapters (and references to other monuments).</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="western" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Stonehenge-Solving-Neolithic-Universe-ebook/dp/B00A25VWYG/" target="_blank"><img align="BOTTOM" border="0" height="400" name="graphics151" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFbBdgPbTKIvB4s7nwGZVK5VYlz0lZ7cY1Dv7cPksfqwNw_9NDMPM_rrCFCFJpJoIgdy0q9pq1M2lZIoX3KnK_lV4ur3ZRNuHt-IKGJi-wnnSUEogz4vs_eeFPLhiIyknaFXZhMDgeKbQ/s400/smallcover.jpg" width="271" /></a> </span></div>
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<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">This
webpage has a short-cut at www.stonehinge.co.uk</span></div>
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-447806912521357112012-08-13T10:18:00.000-07:002013-04-04T05:46:37.938-07:00Sunrise from a Neolithic barrow<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Sunrise from a Neolithic barrow near Beachy Head, East Sussex</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSWrGky6LW2Qvog6A7ky3X-vC7Bs9VkjK4KpQd6EqEtSr5J1HIKj6E-IAhr59Ol5UBI4tUyy5qVO2TcjMdt8uuqfe8lo8wEaceAfJ7ZSIh3kDFY2_HtWUX2WXs1IwznokEA9LFS8s61Ww/s1600/IMG_7054.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSWrGky6LW2Qvog6A7ky3X-vC7Bs9VkjK4KpQd6EqEtSr5J1HIKj6E-IAhr59Ol5UBI4tUyy5qVO2TcjMdt8uuqfe8lo8wEaceAfJ7ZSIh3kDFY2_HtWUX2WXs1IwznokEA9LFS8s61Ww/s400/IMG_7054.JPG" width="400" /></a> </div>
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Just became the expert on Simon Mayo's Drivetime with the question 'Can the naked eye see the curvature of the Earth?' Photo above is of the experiment I described on the Neolithic mound near Beachy Head (which happens to be one of the few places you can do the experiment).<br />
<br />
Simon also asked if you could see the curvature of the earth somewhere like Cornwall. I said no, not directly, but didn't explain why: The reason is that the only time you can see a far horizon is at sunset and sunrise (possibly moon-set & rise also). The rest of the time, the real far horizon blends in with the sky. This optical illusion (of a low horizon) is generated by haze within the atmosphere.<br />
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-73453500866023634072012-07-29T00:00:00.000-07:002012-12-15T09:00:59.808-08:00Neolithic tin mirrors: Polishing experiments<div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicsobtw0JTHpuZuGZSRW_0yF2szuYEudfkanl0zsGbstfW4mhYsUt1-NRi-0DJmfU0_1ng9-bC_YSLPbRZjj-sTDgzTxYkgAd4-qaHdsdOFljn2lOR8NLON4IZoC9IRuH33Rd-__Ctcrc/s1600/m1002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
This post describes a tin polishing experiment using only those materials known to exist in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic#Neolithic_3_.E2.80.93_Pottery_Neolithic_.28PN.29" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">late neolithic</span></a> Britain (just after the discovery of tin).<br />
<br />
After <a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/neolithic-tin-mirrors-casting.html"><span style="color: blue;">casting of a tin mirror</span></a>, a small slab of tin if left. At this stage, the surface does not resemble a mirror. <br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<b>Stage 1: </b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Use a piece of hard beach rock to break up a piece of chalk:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLaM4zKgM2DWn54ZzsHAyom4xR2kc-zESK0ybNxaILV3vr3Cvec0_vdPJInB1BRbPnwehojXPmcypUSisGSunOaFnCFgVJfKV3EbsWDWI1borhR4LXa9CyIFaI8E5ZZtR_kTVry_qFCJE/s1600/m1001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLaM4zKgM2DWn54ZzsHAyom4xR2kc-zESK0ybNxaILV3vr3Cvec0_vdPJInB1BRbPnwehojXPmcypUSisGSunOaFnCFgVJfKV3EbsWDWI1borhR4LXa9CyIFaI8E5ZZtR_kTVry_qFCJE/s320/m1001.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Stage 2:</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Crush the chalk using stones or a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortar_and_pestle" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">pestle an mortar</span></a>, then add fat or oil and mix to form a white clay.<b><br /></b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEib6weuDPhvGuy9y5UTL7d9H4rPLCH1jRTZe6Du8lrOyAPjfYUACe42wJ16JWi0JXtDuT3cRwyVgJlsTJOEroVxcDxMHZHZxkvROItSeSaDabxRnKN6pWnjWUz61Z5vJPJ0yspRKNGgSxQ/s1600/m1003.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEib6weuDPhvGuy9y5UTL7d9H4rPLCH1jRTZe6Du8lrOyAPjfYUACe42wJ16JWi0JXtDuT3cRwyVgJlsTJOEroVxcDxMHZHZxkvROItSeSaDabxRnKN6pWnjWUz61Z5vJPJ0yspRKNGgSxQ/s320/m1003.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<b>Stage 3:</b></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
Polish the tin plate using a rag or dried leaves: The clay will turn black as the polishing progresses. This process takes a long time!</div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBHJsITFeBd0tEnue0Avb3gMU35W-TuUXlK_oHcdQawO3FhYxVs_HseUWMOtBMFIeOkH6YmAsidv7IBP3PB-m7JiYSMjYzQYpKxbIZBNaFLMRvumDEN2wsVz8AiPfe1_-IvDgX8zYY-jA/s1600/m1004.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBHJsITFeBd0tEnue0Avb3gMU35W-TuUXlK_oHcdQawO3FhYxVs_HseUWMOtBMFIeOkH6YmAsidv7IBP3PB-m7JiYSMjYzQYpKxbIZBNaFLMRvumDEN2wsVz8AiPfe1_-IvDgX8zYY-jA/s320/m1004.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<b><br />
</b></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<b>Stage 4: </b></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
When complete, the polished area will take on a high lustre:<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit77wHt1E_c_GgSV_d-bX15ERmfYQm-7wT7a6mtlLPTzlVu28e400echEHWgihiyefgXmPushTvdPgE5uyE7Qp62c5-jh8t73QcIqDJ9XzwFB_t8Kq8_D-ndOinPWlSZFNqvUSVxi8zOg/s1600/m1006.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit77wHt1E_c_GgSV_d-bX15ERmfYQm-7wT7a6mtlLPTzlVu28e400echEHWgihiyefgXmPushTvdPgE5uyE7Qp62c5-jh8t73QcIqDJ9XzwFB_t8Kq8_D-ndOinPWlSZFNqvUSVxi8zOg/s320/m1006.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<b>Summary:</b></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
Materials needed: Chalk, fat or oil, a hard rounded stone, a rounded bowl-stone (pestle) and cloth or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hide_%28skin%29" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">animal hide</span></a>:</div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV8Rmb8KFM_HPjd2jpkJbgPYMBJ9eKyUa4dFmcsNWKbqyzr_E8xaw1OJGlb7WOL2H4uyG4PZh50j0fSPxewG9MQnwv2oTa15poU1AEEsHfabwg90zpqnHPNjeIQxbpQ0voHd_uw1WoJ-E/s1600/m1007.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV8Rmb8KFM_HPjd2jpkJbgPYMBJ9eKyUa4dFmcsNWKbqyzr_E8xaw1OJGlb7WOL2H4uyG4PZh50j0fSPxewG9MQnwv2oTa15poU1AEEsHfabwg90zpqnHPNjeIQxbpQ0voHd_uw1WoJ-E/s320/m1007.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
With these materials, it is relatively simple to produce a good quality tin mirror.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-49145686287413496902012-07-22T00:00:00.000-07:002012-07-30T00:35:11.082-07:00Neolithic tin mirrors: Casting experiments<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<br />
After smelting from its ore (<span style="color: blue;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassiterite" style="color: blue;" target="_blank">cassiterite</a></span>), tin is a soft metal which melts at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin#Characteristics" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">232 degrees centigrade</span></a>.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjI1oQHtsRd_Ezyc9RMi_ap-5ERzuZ85-1yVbZ4AdHva2XbpGUvW8dQ5RQor3siw_4t8zhZdRwC-NSGGKbml0q97grGyuBdKD39Iuhi-J3tNV5ve8STDnkbdJFsTx6Y4ugMChFbAhULgEM/s1600/27tin02.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
<div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;">
I tried several methods to make a casting for a tin mirror using only those materials known to exist in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_period#Neolithic_3_.E2.80.93_Pottery_Neolithic_.28PN.29" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">late neolithic</span></a> Britain (just after the discovery of tin). Of the methods tested, the following process seems to produce the best results:<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><span style="color: red;">Do not try this at home without suitable safety equipment.</span></i></div>
<br />
<b>Stage 1: </b><br />
Use a flat bottomed pottery dish placed level within hot embers. Carefully add filings of tin:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfhj3J6tzPwLffT2QD2MW5_9G-xAOzlEzodxtHDp-aW1T3H3BGOd_swVPXv-odkr2uGgDzfr5jn0SaDfKI_BjBB5AE1SzrUWAaU-OpuBG5YimEx_0Uicx1WDjxI3fLfsaeOgqA8tpAXvA/s1600/M1001.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfhj3J6tzPwLffT2QD2MW5_9G-xAOzlEzodxtHDp-aW1T3H3BGOd_swVPXv-odkr2uGgDzfr5jn0SaDfKI_BjBB5AE1SzrUWAaU-OpuBG5YimEx_0Uicx1WDjxI3fLfsaeOgqA8tpAXvA/s320/M1001.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
The tin will gradually melt into the bowl to form the initial shape. Because of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_tension" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">surface tension</span></a>, the shape won't form unless you have about 3-4mm depth of tin. After the tin forms a flat surface, pick out any surface impurities (using a sharp piece of stone) and then leave to cool.<br />
<br />
<b>Stage 2:</b><br />
Turn the cooled tin plate over onto a polished flat surface, preferably something which will cool slowly (such as polished <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">slate</span></a>, pottery or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsidian" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">obsidian</span></a>). Re-heat the tin and then leave to cool again:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigLT9-IEhLxL_FP09dYxkodMdwvpxkj0Q3-ReTnnS0TgwCCF5zlRceCaFGDd5N1Zq04dP76Y8k71BbedtfwjtoGEvo2kvVLwXrouauOHWKrXB3ohod5UZpHBb4vAwZlLk9hdj18o8h4ek/s1600/M1002.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigLT9-IEhLxL_FP09dYxkodMdwvpxkj0Q3-ReTnnS0TgwCCF5zlRceCaFGDd5N1Zq04dP76Y8k71BbedtfwjtoGEvo2kvVLwXrouauOHWKrXB3ohod5UZpHBb4vAwZlLk9hdj18o8h4ek/s320/M1002.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
In the example above, we've turned the tin onto a baking tray and re-heated. As can be seen, if the tin is allowed to cool too quickly, deep ridges will form in the upper surface (this may not matter if you only need a one-sided mirror).<br />
<br />
The casting is now complete. The next stage is polishing (<a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/neolithic-tin-mirrors-polishing.html"><span style="color: blue;">see link here</span></a>). <br />
<br /></div>
<br />Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6369851820492477376.post-79003801946274485452012-07-05T09:00:00.000-07:002018-10-23T07:29:47.828-07:00Timeline: Metals and the Tin Islands<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">When
Stonehenge was being designed & constructed, some evidence
suggests that both </span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="http://neon.mems.cmu.edu/cramb/Processing/history.html" target="_blank">copper
and tin</a> were being <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_extraction_techniques" target="_blank">extracted</a>
and were either being developed (or already in limited use</span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
as tools) within the British Isles. Tin </span></span></span></span></span><a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/03/stonehenge-and-tin-islands-part-2.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">degrades</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
in cooler climates so the only archaeological evidence remaining is
likely to be in </span></span></span></span></span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_in_Cornwall_and_Devon" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">tin
mining</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">.
</span></span></span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">A
possible time-line, based on the evidence below,</span></span></span><span style="color: black;">
</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">is
shown on this graph:</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYiaXZrSsS7sr9AHn7d7aMbBzgJbYIWXkM3lz8FWJMWBMcTjiUnq3LbV_aFrWRDnLvtSyrPUxR80lD8CnVu9vaf3tipE_zjORxkC1i_iAaV1nhiTrwUiddXPk5Tua0JM6xDjRCpp0EvCo/s1600/TIMELINE.JPG"><img align="BOTTOM" border="0" height="240" name="graphics121" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYiaXZrSsS7sr9AHn7d7aMbBzgJbYIWXkM3lz8FWJMWBMcTjiUnq3LbV_aFrWRDnLvtSyrPUxR80lD8CnVu9vaf3tipE_zjORxkC1i_iAaV1nhiTrwUiddXPk5Tua0JM6xDjRCpp0EvCo/s320/TIMELINE.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<div align="CENTER" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm; text-decoration: none;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>The
Evidence: </b></span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The
quotations below are extracted from the most recent information: </span></span></span>
</div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-right: 0.05cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Stonehenge's
timeline for the sarsen monument</b></span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">"The
dates from the antler picks have, of course, been used until now to
date the great trilithon; the realization that they actually belong
to another, later pit means that we can discard those dates from the
construction sequence of the sarsen circle and the trilithons.
Instead, the date of <b>2620-2480 BC</b> for the sarsen-building is
the one that counts." </span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="RIGHT" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Professor
Parker Pearson: Stonehenge. Page 132 (June 2012)</span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Metal
tools timeline</b></span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">"The
earliest copper in Britain is found in Beaker burials, a new burial
rite that appeared around </span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><b>2400
BC</b></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">....
But perhaps copper tools were already in use before the Beaker
immigrants arrived, Copper must have been very valuable at first, so
it is unlikely that people would casually let it fall into the kinds
of places where archaeologists would find it. Copper tools would have
been both highly prized and recyclable, so there's no reason why they
would have ended up in the ground."</span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">"When
we dug into Durrington's henge bank we discovered that, whilst some
of the chalk from digging the ditch bears the marks of antler picks,
two chalk blocks have long thin, V-shaped cuts into them, as if they
were made by the chopping of an axe. Yet the cuts are too think to
have been formed by a stone axe. It seems likely that only a metal
axe could have produced such a thin groove. We can date the
ditch-digging to <b>2480-2460 BC</b> so have a clue that someone was
using a copper axe slightly earlier than expected." </span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">"Another
tell-tale is the change in tree-felling after about <b>2500 BC</b>.
Monuments prior to that date were constructed using timbers that were
generally no thicker than 30 or so centimetres. After this date, we
find monuments built of timbers up to about a metre in diameter. This
change is perfectly shown in the size difference between the timbers
used in the Southern Circle's first phase and those of its second
phase. Perhaps what was special about that moment around 2500BC was
that copper axes became available in sufficient numbers in Britain to
fell much larger trees with greater ease." </span></span></span></div>
<div align="JUSTIFY" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="RIGHT" class="western" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.5cm; margin-right: 2.5cm;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Professor
Parker Pearson: Page 124 & 125</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Mining</b></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"> </span>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">"Wood
found within the tin ground cannot have arrived there at the same
time as the cassiterite, and it can hardly be doubted that Winn's oak
trunk had been put there by man. It has been dated at the University
of California, Riverside (UCR 1828), to 4140 +/- 100 bp, giving a
time range of </span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>3015-2415
BC</b></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">.
This is uncomfortably early, even if the precise calendar date lies
at the end of the range. It suggests that tin streaming in Cornwall
began much earlier than hitherto suspected."</span></span></span><span style="color: black;">
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">See
tin mining page</span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/01/stonehenge-and-tin-islands-part-1.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">here</span></span></span></span></span></a></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><u>Reference:
Metal tools</u></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Stonehenge:
</span></span></span></span></span><a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/s/ref=nb_sb_ss_i_0_20?url=search-alias%3Daps&field-keywords=stonehenge+exploring+the+greatest+stone+age+mystery&sprefix=stonehenge+exploring%2Caps%2C143" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Exploring
the Greatest Stone Age Mystery</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">. </span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Published
by Simon & Schuster, June 2012</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">ISBN
0904357813 / 9780904357813</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Parker
Pearson, M.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><u>Reference:
Mining</u></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">(see
separate page </span></span></span></span></span><a href="http://heavenshenge.blogspot.co.uk/2012/01/stonehenge-and-tin-islands-part-1.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">here</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">)</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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Jon Morrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11264966739582178631noreply@blogger.com0